Unit 1 Chemistry

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  • Created by: Ciah
  • Created on: 10-11-16 19:01
ELEMENT
A pure substance made up of only one type of atom.
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COMPOUND
A substance containg two or more elements that are chemically bonded.
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IONIC BONDING
A type of bonding where one elcron is gained and one electron is lost.
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COVALENT BONDING
A type of bonding where atoms share electrons.
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CHEMICAL REACTION
When two or more substances chemically bond to form a new compound.
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THERMAL DECOMPOSITION
Breaking down a chemical by heating.
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NATIVE METALS.
Pure metals found in the earths crust. They are unreactive with oxygen
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ALLOY
A misture of two or more metal elements
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HYDROCARBON
A molecule made up of only carbon and hydrogen atoms.
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BOILING POINT
The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas
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SATURATED HYDROCARBON
Hydrocarbons full of hydrogen. They contain only single carbon bonds.
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MONOUNSATURATED HYDROCARBON
A hydrocarbon containing one double carbon bond.
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POLYUNSATURATED HYDROCARBON
A hydrocarbon containing more than one double carbon bond.
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INTERMOLECULAR FORCE
A force that attracts molecules to each other
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VISCOSITY
How thick a liquid is.
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FLAMABLE
A substance that burns in oxygen.
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COMBUSTION
The reaction of a substance with oxygen releasing light and thermal energy.
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FUEL
A substance that reacts with oxygen to release useful energy.
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INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION
When there is a shortage of oxygen in combustion creating carbon monoxide and water.
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SOOTY COMBUSTION.
When oxygen in combustion is so limited that carbon soot is created instead of carbon monoxide.
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MONOMER
One part of a polymer
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POLYMER
A very long chain of many monomers made when monomers join together by adding heat and pressure.
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POLYMERISATION
The reaction used to convert monomers into polymers.
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IMMISCIBLE
Two liquids that are unable to be mixed.
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EMULSION
A ixture of tow liquids that are normally immiscible.
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ORE
A rock containing enough of a metal that makes it economical to extract.
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MALLEABLE
You can bend it into a shape as it is arranged in layers.
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DUCTILE
Can be pulled into a wire.
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DENSITY
The amount of mass for the size.
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REDUCTION
Used to extract metals when a metal is less reactive than carbon.
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ELECTROLYSIS
Reduction with electricity.
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DISPLACEMENT
Using a more reactive metal to purify the metal you want.
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SMELTING
Heating metals in oxygen. It is used in high grade ores.
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BIOLEACHING
Extracting low grade copper ores using bacteria.
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PHYTOMINING
Extracting low grade copper ores using plants.
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MIXTURE
Two or more substances not chemicaly bonded.
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BIODEGRADABLE
Easily broken down due to natural processes.
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HYDRATION
Making ethanol by reacting water with ethene.
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FERMENTATION.
Making ethanol using yeast.
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MISCIBLE
When two or more liquids do mix togther
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EMULSIFIER
Something that forces immiscible liquids to mix.
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HYDROPHLIC
Water loving
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HYDROPHOBIC
Water hating.
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CONVECTION CURRENT
The circular motion of matter caused by heating in fluids.
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CRACKING
The reaction used in the oil industry to break down large hydrocarbons into smaller more useful ones. This occurs when the hydrocarbon vapour is either passed over a hot catalyst or mixed with steam and heated to a high temperature.
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CRUST
The outer solid layer of the Earth.
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DISTILLATION
Separation of a liquid from a mixture by evaporation followed by condensation.
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DOUBLE BOND
A strong covalent bond made by sharing 2 pairs of electrons.
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FERMENTATION
The reaction in which the enzymes in yeast turn glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide.
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FRACTION
Hydrocarbons with a similar boiling point separated from crude oil
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FRACTIONAL DISTIALLATION
A way to separate liquids from a mixture of liquids by boiling off the substances at different temperatures and then condensing and collecting the liquids.
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GLOBAL DIMMING
The reflection of sunlight by tiny solid particles in the air.
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GLOBAL WARMING
The increasing of the average temperature of the Earth.
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MANTLE
The layer of the Earth between the crust and the Core.
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TECTONIC PLATES
The huge stabs of rock that make up the Earth's crust and the top part of its mantle.
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THERMOSETTING POLYMER
Polymer that can form extensive cross-linking between chains. This results in rigid materials which are heat-resistant.
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THERMOSOFTENING POLYMER
Polymer that forms plastics which can be softened by heat. It is then remoulded into different shapes as they cool down and set.
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ALKANE
A saturated hydrocarbon that has no double bonds between the carbon atoms
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ALKENE
Unsaturated hydrocarbon which contains a double carbon-carbon bond.
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BIOFUEL
Fuel made from animal or plant products
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CORE
The centre of the Earth.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A substance containg two or more elements that are chemically bonded.

Back

COMPOUND

Card 3

Front

A type of bonding where one elcron is gained and one electron is lost.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A type of bonding where atoms share electrons.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

When two or more substances chemically bond to form a new compound.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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