UNIT 1- BIOCHEMISTRY

?
  • Created by: Hanlouise
  • Created on: 26-09-20 16:36
What is the general formula of a Monosaccharide?
(CH20)N
1 of 65
What are the two isomers of glucose?
a and b
2 of 65
how are the two isomers of glucose different?
The position of OH and H are different
3 of 65
what do two monosaccharides make?
disaccharide
4 of 65
what is the name of the bond formed from a condensation reaction?
glycosidic bonds
5 of 65
what is the name of the reaction that forms two monosaccharides from a disaccharide?
hydrolysis
6 of 65
what is a polysaccharide?
a large complex polymer formed from lots of monosaccharide units
7 of 65
what are the component monosaccharides of maltose?
glucose + glucose
8 of 65
what are the component monosaccharides of sucrose?
glucose + fructose
9 of 65
what are the component monosaccharides of lactose?
glucose + galactose
10 of 65
what is the biological role of maltose?
germinating seeds
11 of 65
what is the biological role of sucrose?
transport in phloem of plants
12 of 65
what is the biological role of lactose?
in milk
13 of 65
all monosaccharides are reducing sugars, true or false?
true
14 of 65
what is the test for reducing sugars?
benedicts
15 of 65
what is an example of a non-reducing disaccharide?
sucrose
16 of 65
what is the test for non-reducing disaccharides?
add hydrochloric acid, then neutralise, then add benedicts
17 of 65
what is the test for proteins?
biuret
18 of 65
what is the colour of a positive test for reducing sugars?
green to brick red
19 of 65
what us the colour of a positive test for protein?
purple
20 of 65
starch is made of glucose monomers- what are their names?
amylose and amylopectiin
21 of 65
amylopectin has which bonds?
1,6
22 of 65
amylose has which bonds?
1,4
23 of 65
what is glycogen used for?
storage of energy
24 of 65
what polymer of glucose is cellulose?
b glucose
25 of 65
what is cellulose used in?
plant cell walls
26 of 65
where is starch present?
plants
27 of 65
where is cellulose present?
plants
28 of 65
where is glycogen present?
animals
29 of 65
what glucose monomers are present in chitlin?
b glucose
30 of 65
lipids are polar- true or false?
false
31 of 65
what are the components of a trigyceride?
glycerol and fatty acids
32 of 65
which component in a lipid always stays the same?
glycerol
33 of 65
which bonds are formed after a condensation reaction?
ester bonds
34 of 65
if a hydrocarbon chain is saturated what type of bonds does it contain?
single carbon-carbon bonds
35 of 65
what happens to the chain when it is unsaturated?
it gets a kink
36 of 65
what form do saturated lipids take at room temperature?
solid
37 of 65
what form do unsaturated lipids take at room temperature?
liquid
38 of 65
what does hydrophilic mean?
interacts with water
39 of 65
what does hydrophobic mean?
repels water
40 of 65
how many fatty acid tails does a phospholipid have?
2
41 of 65
what are proteins made of?
amino acids
42 of 65
what are the different components in the basic structure of an amino acid?
the amino, the R group, the carboxyl
43 of 65
what is an amino acid dissolved in water called?
zwitterion
44 of 65
what is the name for a chain of amino acids?
polypeptides
45 of 65
what is the name of the bond between two amino acids?
peptide bond
46 of 65
what bonds are present in the secondary structure of a protein?
peptide, hydrogen, ionic and disulphide bonds
47 of 65
what is the structure name that comes after the secondary stucture?
tertiary
48 of 65
what is the structure of a fibrous protein?
polypeptides are in parallel chains with many cross-linkages
49 of 65
what is an example of a fibrous protein?
collagen
50 of 65
what is the structure of globular proteins
compact and folded into spherical molecules
51 of 65
what is an example of a globular protein?
haemoglobin
52 of 65
what are macronutrients?
inorganic ions needed in small concentrations
53 of 65
what are micronutrients?
inorganic ions needed in minute concentrations
54 of 65
what is an example of a micronutrient?
copper
55 of 65
what is an example of a macronutrient?
calcium
56 of 65
what is magnesium used for?
constituent of chlorophyll used in photosynthesis
57 of 65
what is iron used for?
constituent of haemoglobin transports oxygen in red blood cells
58 of 65
what is phosphate used for?
making nucleotides, ATP, found in biological membranes
59 of 65
what is calcium used for?
structural component of bones
60 of 65
water is a dipole- what does this mean?
it has a positively charged end (H)and a negatively charged end (O)
61 of 65
why do parts of organisms that move use lipids as an energy store instead of carbohydrates?
when oxidised lipids provide 2x as much energy as carbohydrates
62 of 65
what is meant by metabolic water?
water produced from the oxidation of food
63 of 65
why is the fact that water is a universal solvent important to living organisms?
chemical reactions can take place in the solution
64 of 65
why is the fact that water is transparent important to living organisms?
so light can pass through for photosynthesis
65 of 65

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the two isomers of glucose?

Back

a and b

Card 3

Front

how are the two isomers of glucose different?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what do two monosaccharides make?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is the name of the bond formed from a condensation reaction?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Biology resources:

See all Biology resources »See all Biological molecules, organic chemistry and biochemistry resources »