Understanding Cultures (1-4) + values + beliefs (5-16)

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  • Created by: Steff06
  • Created on: 20-05-19 08:31
Hofstede's onion model
Symbols - heroes - rituals (practices throughout these three) - values
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Cultural psych
Emic approach - inside, 1 culture
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Cross-cultural psych
Etic approach (derived) - compares 2+ cultures from outside
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Hall's iceberg model
Visible = behaviours + customs. Not visible = core values (assumptions), attitudes + belief
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Main characteristic attributes of study of culture (4)
Social relations (Fiske, 91/2), Norms and behaviour (Gefland, 11), beliefs (Leung+ Bond, 04), Values (Hofstede, Inglehart+Schwartz)
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Hofstede's 6 dimensonal model of national culture
Individualism-collectivism, PD, UA, masculine vs feminine, long term vs short term orientation, indulgence vs restraint
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Long term vs short term orientation
How every society must maintain links with past and deal with challenges of present/future. Long-term - distant future, saving/persistence. Short-term - past+present, pragmatic/traditions
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Schwartz's value theory (5)
Values = beliefs tied to emotion, motivational construct, transcend specific actions/situations, guide selection/evaluation of actions, people, events, ordered by relative importance
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Schwartz's 10 values
Split into 2 dimensions: openness to change vs conservation and self-enhancement vs self-transcendence
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Schwartz's 3 culture level value dimensions
Harmony vs mastery, autonomy vs embeddedness, egalitarianism vs hierarchy
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Harmony vs mastery
protect environment and nature vs ambtious, successful
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Autonomy vs embeddedness
ejoying life and pleasure vs family, wisdom, tradition and forgiving
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Egalitarianism vs hierarchy
honest, equality, loyal vs authority, wealth and social power
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Inglehart's dimensions of cultural values
traditional vs secular-rational and survival vs self-expression
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Traditional vs secular-rational
Contrasts the religious and traditional values of secular rational societies which mainly predominate in urbanised and industrialised areas. Emphasise individualism.
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Survival vs self-expression
eflects the shift from an emphasis on economic + physical security to appreciation of self-expression, subjective well-being and quality of life.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Emic approach - inside, 1 culture

Back

Cultural psych

Card 3

Front

Etic approach (derived) - compares 2+ cultures from outside

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Visible = behaviours + customs. Not visible = core values (assumptions), attitudes + belief

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Social relations (Fiske, 91/2), Norms and behaviour (Gefland, 11), beliefs (Leung+ Bond, 04), Values (Hofstede, Inglehart+Schwartz)

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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