UD

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Give an example of where there has been a decline in the industry.
Detroit, USA. This was between 1950 and 2008 and Detroit lost over 1 million people. One third now live in poverty and there has been a 25% decline in the economy.
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Giev details of Detroit's decline.
It was once a monopoly car prodcuer, with businesses such as Henry Ford's however competition from Japan and Germany made it hard to sustain the high wages that were being demanded for unskilled labour.
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Where has there been regeneration in Detroit?
In the suburbs - this is causing a doughnut city to occur.
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Give an example of where there has been a decline in the textiles
Bradford. In 2011, 25% of children lived in poverty, with more than 60% of the popualtion living below the national average annual income.
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Give detail of Bradford's decline.
Lister's Mill, once the largest silk factory in the world, closed down in 1992, after the textiles industry in Bradford started to decline after 1945 with WW2 having major implications.
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Why has Rochdale gone into decline?
Due to the textiles industry. 75% of Rochdale are on benefits, 70% have never been employed and 10% of girls fall pregnant below 18 years of age.
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How can poor urban planning lead to urban decline?
Narrow streets, for example, can cause congestion and cam force people and investment away. This can also be because of a lack of good, quality housing.
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Where has poor urban planning been seen in the UK?
The London Docklands.
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Give an example of where political changes to a city has caused urban decline to take place.
Wittenberge, Germany. Wittenberge is an east German town that has prospered for 8 centuries, only to then go into decline due to German reunification in 1990.
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How has Wittenberge changed?
The popualtion has decline by 14,000 to 24,000, leaving many spaces abandoned in the city centre. Where regeneration occurs, this is getting rid of the heritage of the city.
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Where has there been a decline in the pottery and steel industries?
Stoke-on-Trent. Pottery employment has decreased from 70,000 to 6,000, also due to the closure of steelworks, such as Shelton Bar.
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What potential regenerative business can now be found in Stoke-on-Trent?
Emma Bridgewater. It now employs 25 staff and Rice and Bridgewater have repaid their workforce by resisting all offers to relocated.
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What are the characteristics of Stoke-on-Trent today?
23% claim working benefits compared to a 15% UK average, and 42% have no qualifications, compared to a 28% average.
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Where has there been decline in the fishing industry? Why?
In Grimsby, due to the cod wars with Iceland, as there are now few deep sea fleets in the Arctic where they once were. The jobs are largely immobile, just like miner jobs.
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Give a physical factor that can result in urban decline.
Rising sea levels.
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Where have rising sea levels been seen?
Venice, Italy. Though it is one of the prettiest cities in the world, it is disappearing by 1 cm every year. Even the most innovative engineering methods don't promise to prevent Venice's ineviatble abandonment.
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Where has the decline in local industry led to urban decline?
Greater St Louis, USA. Since 1950, it has lost 59% of its population. However, between 1999 and 2005 $3.3 billion has been invested and popualtion is now increasing.
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Which concentration of social group can exacberate urban decline?
Groups on low-income. This is because wealthier residents move out through conter-urbanisation and suburbanisation.
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What was the 'White flight' in the USA?
Where white middle class popualtions left the city due to dangers posed by African-American migration north after WW1 - they believed they would casue higher crime rates.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Giev details of Detroit's decline.

Back

It was once a monopoly car prodcuer, with businesses such as Henry Ford's however competition from Japan and Germany made it hard to sustain the high wages that were being demanded for unskilled labour.

Card 3

Front

Where has there been regeneration in Detroit?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Give an example of where there has been a decline in the textiles

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Give detail of Bradford's decline.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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