UCAS Geography 0.0 / 5 ? GeographyCoastal environmentsA2/A-levelEdexcel Created by: scxrlettgraceCreated on: 10-09-20 15:12 Sea level rise by 2100? 21cm 1 of 43 Examples of human subsidence construction, mining, overuse of groundwater 2 of 43 How much does subsidence account for? 5.6mm per year 3 of 43 How long are glacials? 90,000 years 4 of 43 What was the most recent glacial? Devensian Glacial 5 of 43 Isostatic? local change 6 of 43 Eustatic? global change 7 of 43 Sea level rise since devensian glacial? 21cm by 1870 8 of 43 How high above sea level are the Maldives? 2.3 m 9 of 43 How high is the Maldives Sea wall? 3m 10 of 43 What causes storm surges? tropical cyclones and depressions 11 of 43 What is a depression an area of low air pressure moving from west to east 12 of 43 Example of a storm surge North Sea storm surge 2013, 15 deaths 80mph winds 13 of 43 Where do tropical cyclones affect just north and south of the equator 14 of 43 How high is Bangladesh above sea level? 1-3m 15 of 43 Example of vegetation removal Bangladesh mangrove forest 71% 16 of 43 How effective is a mangrove forest? 100m of mangrove reduces wave height by 40% 17 of 43 Features causing rapid coastal retreat long wave fetch, soft geology, weak structure eg faults and joints, strong longshore drift 18 of 43 Example of something effecting coastal retreat Holderness coast, groynes at hornsea, boulder clay, 1.25m erosion per year 19 of 43 How does weather effect erosion rates? destructive waves in winter, storm surges plus spring tides increases erosion, wind direction 20 of 43 How does vegetation reduce erosion? stabilises sediment, reduces wind speed/energy, reduces wave height, builds up sediment 21 of 43 Halophytes estuarine coastline, halosere succession, flocculation, blue-green algae, gut weed 22 of 43 What is flocculation mixing of salt and fresh water to stick clay particles together 23 of 43 xerophytes sandy coastline, psammosere succession, pioneer plants sea rocket, marram grass colonizes 24 of 43 process of dune colonisation embryo dune, fore dune, yellow dune, grey dune 25 of 43 what is post glacial adjustment? when the earth rises and rebounds after sinking due to weight of ice sheets 26 of 43 What is happening to the uk glacial status? 'pivoting' north is rising and south is sinking 27 of 43 What is a submergent coastline? a coastline that has not experience post glacial adjustment, floods fjords and rias 28 of 43 How much does sea level rise per year? 2mm 29 of 43 What is thermal expansion? volume of sea increases as temperature increases, heat expands water molecules 30 of 43 Examples of igneous rock? granite basalt 31 of 43 Examples of metamorphic rock? slate marble gneiss 32 of 43 Examples of sedimentary rock? limestone and sandstone 33 of 43 What does erosion resistance depend on? reactivity to chemicals, rock structure, clastic or crystalline 34 of 43 What does permeability increase? pore water pressure in rocks 35 of 43 What are sandy and estuarine coastlines called? coastal plains 36 of 43 What are primary coasts? coasts caused by land processes 37 of 43 What are secondary coasts? coasts cause by marine processes 38 of 43 What is the rock strata? layers of rock exposed 39 of 43 What is deformation? tilting and folding for tectonic activity 40 of 43 Example of discordant coastline west cork, bantry bay 41 of 43 Example of concordant coastline lulworth cover, portland limestone 42 of 43 What is wave refraction? when wave reaches shallow area, crest change direction, height increases 43 of 43
Comments
No comments have yet been made