Types of Long-Term Memory

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  • Created by: Gottowork
  • Created on: 02-05-16 16:31
Upon realising the MSM was too simplistic, who came up with the three LTM stores?
Endel Tulving
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What are the three types of LTM?
Episodic memory, semantic memory and procedural memory
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What is episodic memory?
The ability to recall personal events
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What are the four elements stored within episodic memory?
Places, people, objects and behaviours involved
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What is semantic memory?
A LTM store for our knowledge of the world, including things like facts and concepts
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What is procedural memory?
A store for our knowledge of how to do things, e.g. drive a car
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Which of the three LTM stores are time-stamped?
Episodic memory
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Which types of memory require conscious recall?
Episodic memory and semantic memory
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Tell me about the clinical evidence of HM and Clive Wearing for types of LTM
Both men had a severely impaired episodic memory, but their semantic and procedural memories were still intact. This shows that one store can be damaged whilst others are unaffected, supporting Tulving's view that LTM has different memory stores
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What is the problem with clinical evidence?
Each case is unique, and there is a serious lack of control of variables
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Why did Cohen and Squire say that there are actually only two types of LTM?
They say that episodic and semantic memories are stored together due to them both being recalled consciously. They are declarative memories, whilst procedural memories are non-declarative
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Whilst their brains were being scanned by a PET scanner, Tulving et al. got his participants to carry out various memory tasks. What did they find?
Episodic and semantic memories were recalled from the prefrontal cortex, one part of it on each side of the brain. Episodic recalled from the right, semantic from the left. Therefore types of LTM physically different
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Card 2

Front

What are the three types of LTM?

Back

Episodic memory, semantic memory and procedural memory

Card 3

Front

What is episodic memory?

Back

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Card 4

Front

What are the four elements stored within episodic memory?

Back

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Card 5

Front

What is semantic memory?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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