publicly, not privately, going along with majority influence in order to gain group approval and avoid disapproval
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what is identification?
public and private acceptance of majority influence in order to gain group acceptance
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what is internalisation?
public and private acceptance of majority influence, by adopting the majority groups belief system
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what is Informational social influence (ISI)?
a motivational force to look for others for guidance in order to be correct
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what is Normative social influence (NSI)?
A motivational force to be liked and accepted by a group
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what is cognitive dissonance?
an unpleasant feeling of anxiety created by simultaneously holding two contradictory ideas
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what are confederates?
individuals who pretend to be participants, but who are actually playing a part
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what are situational variables?
features of an environment that affect the degree to which individuals yield to group pressure
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what are individual variables?
personal characteristics that affect the degree to which individuals yield to group pressures
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what are social roles?
the parts individuals play as members of a social group, which meet the expectations of that situation
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what is de-individuation?
a state in which individuals have a lower self-awareness and a weaker sense of personal responsibility for their actions. possibly resulting from anonymity of being in a crowd
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what is dehumanisation?
degrading people by lessening their human qualities
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what is obedience?
complying with the demands of an authority figure
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what is the milgram paradigm?
experimental procedure devised by Stanley Milgram for measuring obedience rates
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what is androcentrism?
a bias in psychological research in which a male perspective is overemphasised at the expense of a female one
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what is an autonomous state?
the opposite side of the agentic state, which individuals are seen as personally responsible for their actions
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what is an agentic state?
where a person may obey an order that they see as wrong because the person hands over the responsibility for the outcome to the authority figure
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what is the legitimacy of authority?
the degree to which individuals are seen as justified in having power over others
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what is dispositional explanation?
the perception of behaviour as caused by internal characteristics of individuals
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what is an authoritarian personality?
description of a person who holds rigid beliefs, is intolerant of ambiguity, submissive to authority and hostile to those of a lower status
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what is resistance to social influence?
the ways in which individuals attempt to withstand perceived attempts to threaten freedom
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what is social support?
the perception of assistance and solidarity available from others
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what is locus of control (LoC)?
the extent to which individuals believe that they can control events in their lives
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what is reactance?
rebellious anger produced by attempts to restrict freedom of choice
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what is ironic deviance?
the belief that other people's behaviour occurs because they have been told to do it lowers their informational influence
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what is staus?
an individual's social position within a hierarchical group
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what is systematic processing?
analyis based upon critical thinking
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what is morality?
decisions and behaviour based upon the perception of proper conduct
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what is personality?
the combination of characteristics that forms an individuals distinctive nature
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what is minority influence?
a type of social influence that motivates individuals to reject established majority group norms
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what is social change?
the process by which society changes beliefs, attitudes and behaviour to create new social norms
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