Treatments, After a Guilty Verdict, Forensic Psychology

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  • Created by: Lily
  • Created on: 28-05-13 13:24
Give two reasons why prison may not work in preventing re-conviction:
-criminals learn from other criminals. -criminals have access to drugs. -more benefits inside prison that out (education, food). -training programs may be disrupted
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What is cognitive behavioural therapy?
A TALKING THERAPY, which aims to correct DYSFUNCTIONAL COGNITIONS, through a GOAL-ORIENTATED, systematic procedure.
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What are the 3 main aims of CBT for helping offenders?
-improve control over IMPULSIVENESS. -increase PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS. -improve MORAL (and social) REASONING.
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What was the aim of Friendship's study?
to investigate the effect of CBT on reconviction rates
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What type of experiment did Friendship use?
Retrospective quazi
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What design did Friendship use?
Matched Pairs Design
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What were the different groups in Friendship's study?
Treatment group (who received treatment) and Comparison group (who received no treatment)
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Give 3 examples of variables offenders were matched on in Friendship's study:
-Current offence. -Sentence length. -Age at discharge. -Probability of reconviction. -Year of discharge.
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What two cognitive programs were used in Friendship's study?
Reasoning and Rehabilitation (R&R) and Enhanced Thinking Skills (ETS)
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For which risk group was the CBT most effective for in Friendship's study? And what was the % reduction in reconviction for that group?
Medium-Low risk group. 14% reduction for treatment group.
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Which risk group was CBT least effective (Friendship's study) and what was the % reduction of reconvictions?
Low risk group for reconviction, had a 3% reduction.
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Did any of the risk groups in Friendships study have NO reduction in % of reconvictions?
NO, all groups which received treatment had a reduction in reconviction rates.
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2 reasons why anger management is important?
-Prisoners with low frustration thresholds may commit crimes because of it. -may help offenders keep out of trouble once they leave prison. -can cause trouble within prison.
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2 aims of anger management?
-Reduce arousal. -Improve problem solving skills. -Improve communication. -Relapse prevention strategies.
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Who is anger management most effective for?
Violent males with a medium-high risk of reoffending.
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What was the aim of Ireland's study?
to assess the effectiveness of an anger management intervention on young male offenders.
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What were the two groups in Ireland's study?
Experimental (treatment) group and control (waiting list) group.
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Which self report measure did participants carry out in Ireland's study?
Anger Management Assessment Questionnaire (AMA)
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In what other way was their anger assessed?
Officers assessed their anger using Wing Behaviour Checklist.
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When were the two measures done? (Ireland)
2 weeks before intervention, 8 weeks after.
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What were the general findings? (Ireland)
Experimental group had significant improvements in both measures. Control group measures didn't change.
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What % of the experimental group showed improvement in at least one measure? (Ireland)
92%
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Why did the remaining 8% not improve/ deteriorate? (Ireland)
Either were protesting, or their scores were already so low, they had nowhere to go but up.
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What type of crime does drug addiction encourage?
Theft
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In what 2 ways do prisons try to help addicts?
-May provide substitutions (methadone). -Group AA meetings. -Rehabilitation programs
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What is acupuncture?
Ancient Chinese practice of inserting needles into various body parts for therapeutic purposes.
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What is thought that might be the cause of the effectiveness of acupuncture?
The placebo effect
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What was the aim or Margolin's study?
to investigate the effectiveness of ear acupuncture on treatments for cocaine addiction
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How did Margolin measure whether participants were using cocaine?
Self report and urine samples.
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What were the three conditions of Margolin's study?
Ear Acupuncture Group. Needle-insertion control group. Relaxation control group.
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Did Margolin find any difference in the reported 'credibility' of each treatment?
No, the needle-insertion controls thought they were receiving acupuncture.
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Main finding from Margolin's study?
Cocaine use dropped across all conditions, but there was no significant difference between acupuncture group and controls.
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Was there a difference between groups of reported cocaine use?
No.
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Was there a difference of cocaine use at the follow up?
No, all conditions maintained reduction in cocaine use.
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Conclusion of Margolin's study:
Effectiveness of acupuncture is likely to be caused by the placebo effect, therefore cheap placebo type interventions can be used in prisons as addiction treatment.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is cognitive behavioural therapy?

Back

A TALKING THERAPY, which aims to correct DYSFUNCTIONAL COGNITIONS, through a GOAL-ORIENTATED, systematic procedure.

Card 3

Front

What are the 3 main aims of CBT for helping offenders?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the aim of Friendship's study?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What type of experiment did Friendship use?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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