CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

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  • Created by: tsungiex
  • Created on: 24-05-16 21:25
What is the function of the pulmonary artery?
Carries blood from the heart to the lungs
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What is the function of the pulmonary vein?
Carries blood from the lungs to the heart
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What is the function of the vena cava?
Carries blood from the body to the heart
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What is the function of the aorta?
Carries blood from the heart to the body
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What type of system is the cardiovascular system?
Double circulatoy system
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What is involved in pulmonary circulation?
Pulmonary Artery and Pulmonary Veins
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What is involved in systemic circulation?
Vena Cava and Aorta
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What is the function of a capillary?
It allows rapid diffusion of oxygen and glucose and is one cell thick
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What is the function of a vein?
It carries blood to the heart. The blood will be under low pressure. It has a large and wide lumen and valves to prevent backflow of blood
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What is the function of an artery?
It carries bloody away from the heart and blood will be under high pressure. It has a thick layer of muscle and elastic fibres and a small lumen
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What is the role of the sinoatrial node (SAN)?
Sends electrical impulses to the atrium so it can contract
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What is the role of the atrioventricluar node (AVN)?
Sends electrical impulses to the ventricles so that they can contract
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What is the function of the Bundle of His?
Conducts the electrical impulses
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What is the function of Purkinje Fibres?
Carries the electrical impulses into the walls of the ventricles so contraction can take place
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How do valves stop blood flowing the wrong way?
If there is a higher pressure behind the valve, it forces it to open. If there is a higher pressure in front of the valve, it forces it to close.
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What does systole mean?
Another word for contraction
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What is an Electrocardiogram (ECG)?
A device that produces graphical representations of the heart's activity
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What does the P wave mean?
Contraction of the atrium
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What does the QRS wave mean?
Contraction of the ventricles
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What does the T wave mean?
Relaxation of the ventricles
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What are the function of red blood cells?
Carry oxygen in the blood, have a bioconcave disc for large surface area, packed with haemoglobin and release the nucleus once they mature to carry more haemoglobin
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What are the function of white blood cells?
Can destroy and detect pathogens
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What are the function of monocytes?
Defend body against infections
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What are the function of granulocytes?
Engulf the bacteria by phagocytosis
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What are the function of lymphocytes?
They have T killer cells (which attack virus cells) and B lymphocytes (which produce antibodies)
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What is Coronary Heart Disease?
When the coronary artery becomes narrowed due to a fatty build up. This is known as atherosclerosis
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What is an atheroma?
The fatty matterial that will block the arteries
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How can diet cause Coronary Heart Disease?
A diet high in fats, sugars and salts increases the fatty build up in the arteries
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How can genetics cause Coronary Heart Disease?
If one or both parents have it, the chances are high of you developing the disease too. Also a specific gene that runs in the family could cause it
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How can smoking cause Coronary Heart Disease?
It can contribute to the fatty build up in the arteries
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How can a cardiac ultrasound be used to diagnose Coronary Heart Disease?
Can examine the structure and movements of the heart. Lubricating jelly will be placed so that waves can be transferred from the body to produce an image
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How can blood pressure monitoring be used to diagnose Coronary Heart Disease?
A syphgmomanometer will be used to measure the blood pressure. If high blood pressure is detected it could be a sign of the disease.
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What should our blood pressure be below?
140/90mmHg
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What does the first number mean in a blood pressure reading?
Systolic (contraction)
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What does the second number mean in a blood pressure reading?
Diastolic (relaxation)
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Can an electrocadiogram be used to diagnose Coronary Heart Disease?
Yes
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What is the definition of tachychardia?
Fast heartbeat
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What is the definition of bradychardia?
Slow heartbeat
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What is the definition of an ectopic heartbeat?
Having an extra heartbeat
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What is the definition of fibrillation?
Having an irregular heartbeat
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What are the common symptoms of Coronary Heart Disease?
Angina, Heart Attack, Heart Failure
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How can changing lifestyle treat Coronary Heart Disease?
If you change the amount of fat and sugars in your diet, this will decrease the amount of atheroma in the arteries
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How can angioplasty treat Coronary Heart Disease?
A balloon or stent will be placed in the narrowed artery so that it will widen and improve the blood flow
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How can a heart transplant treat Coronary Heart Disease?
The current unhealthy heart will be replaced by a healthier heart from a donor. However, immunosuppresants will need to be taken for a life time to make sure that the body does not reject the heart
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How can medication treat Coronary Heart Disease?
Statins remove cholesterol from the blood, Beta-Blockers slow the heartbeat to improve blood flow and Anti-Platelets reduce the risk of heart attacks by thinning the blood and preventing clots
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the function of the pulmonary vein?

Back

Carries blood from the lungs to the heart

Card 3

Front

What is the function of the vena cava?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the function of the aorta?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What type of system is the cardiovascular system?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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