Good conductors of heat and electricity. Hard, strong, high mpt, high bpt, low chemical reactivity.
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Electron configuration pattern?
Two outer 4s electrons, then moving across period e- are added to inner 3d sub-level. Cr and Cu are exceptions. Cr has 3d(5)4s(1) and Cu has 3d(10)4s(1), because half full and full subshells increase stability.
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Which electrons are lost first?
4s, as they are of the highest energy.
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Define Transition Element
Element that forms at least one stable ion with a partially filled d-sub shell.
Two outer 4s electrons, then moving across period e- are added to inner 3d sub-level. Cr and Cu are exceptions. Cr has 3d(5)4s(1) and Cu has 3d(10)4s(1), because half full and full subshells increase stability.
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