What is the colour change when Cobalt (Co2+) reacts with NaOH?
Pink solution ---> blue precipitate
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What is the colour change when Iron(II) (Fe2+) reacts with NaOH?
Pale green solution ---> pale green precpitate
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What is the colour change when Iron(III) (Fe3+) reacts with NaOH?
Pale yellow solution ---> rusty brown precipitate
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What is the colour change when Copper(II) (Cu2+) reacts with NaOH?
Pale blue solution ---> pale blue precipitate
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What is ligand substitution?
When one ligand in a complex ion is replaced by another ligand.
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What is the colour change when [Cu(H2O)6]2+ reacts with NH3 during ligand substitution?
Pale blue ---> deep blue [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4NH3 ---> [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+ 4H2O 4H2O ligands replaced by 4NH3 ligands.
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What is the colour change when [Cu(H2O)6]2+ reacts with conc HCl during ligand substitution?
Pale blue ---> green, excess = yellow [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- ---> [CuCl4]2- + 6H2O
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What is the colour change when [Co(H2O)6]2+ reacts with conc HCl during ligand substitution?
Pink ---> blue [Co(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- ---> [CoCl4]2- + 6H2O
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What is a transition metal?
A d-block element that forms an ion with an incomplete d sub shell.
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What are the properties of transition metals?
Shiny, have high densities, high melting and boiling points, when solid form giant metallic lattices. Variable oxidation states lose 2 electrons so strong oxidising agents, form coloured compounds
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Why can transition metals act as catalysts?
They can change oxidation states by gaining or losing electrons - lower activation energy, reactants are adsorbed to the surface and desorbed at end the metal is unchanged.
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What is the catalyst in the Haber process?
Iron
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What is the catalyst in the hydrogenation of alkenes?
Nickel
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What is the catalyst in the contact process?
Vanadium (V) oxide (V2O5) +5 oxidation state
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What is the catalyst in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide?
Manganese oxide (MnO2) +4 oxidation state
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What is a complex ion?
A transition metal ion bonded to one or more ligands by coordinate bonds.
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What is a ligand?
A molecule/ion that can donate a pair of electrons with the transition metal ion to form a coordinate bond.
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What is coordination number?
Number of coordinate bonds formed between the central metal ion and its ligand.
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What is a monodentate ligand?
A ligand that donates one pair of electrons to the central metal ion to form one coordinate bond.
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What is a bidentate ligand?
A ligand that donates two pairs of electrons to the central metal ion to form two coordinate bonds.
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What is a hexadentate ligand?
When six lone pair of electrons each form coordinate bonds to a metal ion in a complex ion. 6 lone pairs of electrons donated per ligand.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the colour change when Iron(II) (Fe2+) reacts with NaOH?
Back
Pale green solution ---> pale green precpitate
Card 3
Front
What is the colour change when Iron(III) (Fe3+) reacts with NaOH?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is the colour change when Copper(II) (Cu2+) reacts with NaOH?
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