Traditional Medicines 2

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  • Created by: amykane
  • Created on: 17-04-18 00:47
What is the role of preventative medicine?
preventing spiritual or physical illness. They conserve this equilibrium by managing environment, community, individuals.
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What does the ritual of the mameadero look at in terms of health?
the spiritual health of the community and the individual
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How is the PHYSICAL health of the individual maintained?
interaction with environment: plants, animals, air, water, earth.
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What are chagras?
They are sacred areas for the regeneration of life. They are small agricultural farms, located in primary jungle areas
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How many sections is the chagra divided into?
4
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To a newcomer, the chagra might look...
...disorganised and chaotic. However, the chagra is organized to represent the forest, the giant maloca and the universe
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What are they important for?
The subsistence of families of Uitoto, Muinane and of other ethnic groups. They are used to sustain the direct family
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Each family has a ....
...series of chagras at different stages in development and at different distances from their homes.
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How often are new chagras created?
every year
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How are the chagras formed?
by clearing an area of one to two hectares of forest cutting away lower type growth such as bushes, vines, tree chopping and burning at the end of the Amazonian Summer time.
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Are they plants produced in chagras for sale?
No. An exchange economy is maintained (eg. chagra products can be exchanged for fish, meat etc.)
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Permission has to be requested from the spiritual “owners” of the space in the mambeadero before....
creating the chagra, sowing plants in it and eventually taking plants from it.
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When are visitors allowed to go to the chagra?
only when invited
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Sacred plants are planted in the chagra. Why? Give an example of this type of plant.
Sacred plants protect the chagra from "negative energies and spirits." An example of this is yaje.
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Give examples of edible plants planted in chagra.
e many varieties of yuca (Manihot species) including yuca brava (Manihot esculenta), plantain and fruit trees
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What are fruit trees?
They are are varieties of jungle plants, which have been domesticated during the years.
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Who controls the chagra burning event?
the elder
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Where is the decision made for felling and burning the chagra in the Uitoto and Muinane tribes?
decision is made in the mambeadero.
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Does traditional burning destroy the soil organisms/fungi, network of mycorrhiza.?
no
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What are soil fungi and bacteria good sources of?
antibiotics e.g. vancomycin
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Who does the planting and caring of the chagra?
women
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What is yuca?
Yuca is a plant which not only is edible it is also used ritually, medicinally & certain varieties are toxic (presence of cyanide).
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What does mycorrhiza mean?
The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungi in the plants' rhizosphere, its root system
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What do the mycorrhizal fungi do for the yuca plant?
The mycorrhizal fungi help the Yuca plant to obtain phosphates, minerals, H2O, etc from the soil in return for sugars - the products of Yuca photosynthesis
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When preparing the yuca, why is it washed and wrung?
to remove all traces of toxic peel
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How is the toxic liquid from the mashed roots expressed?
with a boa
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Mashing fresh yuca roots is part of the process to make what?
casave or a yuca “bread”
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Yuca can also be made into a sweet drink (Caguana). What is this used for?
ritual dances.
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What is aji?
a hot pepper - ritual, food and medical uses. contains compounds that are irritant to mucous membranes (such as capsids)
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What is canangucho?
edible and medicinal plant; also important for reforestation
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What is canangucho a source of?
Source of carbohydrates, vitamins
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What is canangucho used to make?
Used to make icecream and chicha - a nutritious drink which reduces thirst and is also medicinal
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What are the enviornmental connections of canangucho
Feed on and disperse seeds of Canangucho. Numerous rodent spp. & birds & fish likewise disperse seeds to different parts of the ecosystem. Most of these form part of the food chain that includes man & other predators such as jaguar, puma, ocelot,
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The fruit of Cocoa (theobroma cacao) are eaten and the seeds are kept - what for?
either toasted to make chocolate, coffee or soup with mafafa
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Traditional use of the Theobroma species?
The fleshy pulp that surrounds the beans inside a cocoa pod is good to eat. Some trees closely related to chocolate in the genus Theobroma are valued as fruits and as a source of edible seeds.
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Pineapples are very low in...
Saturated Fat, cholesterol and sodium.
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but are a very good source of...
Dietary Fiber, Thiamine , Vitamin B6, Copper Vitamin C, Manganese. But a large portion of calories comes from sugars
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What is Maranon or Cashew?
edible and medicinal plant
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The toasted nut (cashew nut) is a good source of...
oil (fatty acids) and protein
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The red fleshy part is...
juicy and contains tannins that are antidiarrhoeal
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What is caimo (family: sapotaceae)?
another fruit of the chagra (very sweet taste)
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Caimo is a good source of....
vitamin B, C and calcium.
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Why should you take care when eating this?
leaves "gum" around face/mouth
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What are the young leaves of caimo used for?
used medicinally as antiseptic for wounds
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It is in the same family as the chicle tree whose sap was traditionally used to make...
...chewing gum
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What is plantain, Platano, banana (family name Musaceae)?
Plantain is a common ‘vegetable’ and to prepare a drink
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What is it a good source of?
Carbohydrate source & dietary fibre. Vitamins B & C. Central Nervous System (CNS) neurotransmitter amines & phytosterols
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What is acai?
Fruit used as a refreshing & nutritious drink.
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What is a good source of?
rich in calcium, iron, phosphorus & vitamin B1. Also high in beneficial fatty acids, omega‐6 & omega‐9. Level of vitamin A higher than many other tropical fruits.
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What has acai recently become internationally known for?
its nutritional value as well as is reputed to be a diet aid for weight loss.
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What are its medical uses?
Treatment of diarrhea and mixed with malva (Malva Sylvestris L.) in treatment of hepatitis. Tea made from roots to get rid of worms. Palm heart juice used on cuts to stem bleeding
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In riverine chagras, what happens when the water level goes down?
fertile beaches are left.
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What plant is grown here?
Yuca is grown but varieties that have short harvesting times‐ due to rise and fall of river level.
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What are beans (family: Leguminosae/Fabaceae)?
source of food as protein and carbohydrate, also N‐fixer plant that helps fertilise soil.
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What are the uses of peanuts, groundnuts, mani etc (family: Leguminosae/Fabaceae)?
source of food as protein and oil also N‐fixer plant that helps fertilise soil. Principal compounds, protein & oil
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What is Coconut palm (family: Arecaceae) used for?
Used, with Guayaba leaf (Psidium guaiaba, guava), to treat dysentery, diarrhoea
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What is it a source of?
Coconut water, potassium, sodium, iron other trace elements useful to treat dehydration.
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Why should you take care not too drink too much coconut water?
due to high levels of potassium
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Where does Rum fruit (family: myrtaceae) grow?
Grows naturally along the riverbanks & seasonally flooded forest
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Why is this plant economically important?
its production of Vitamin C & other nutrients - eg. such as antioxidants & minerals..
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The vitamin C content has been estimated to be ___ more than lemons.
60x
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What is ginger zingiber (officinale Zingiberaceae) used for?
Anti‐nauseant, e.g. for travel sickness Helps prevent blood clotting, so care taking aspirin etc.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What does the ritual of the mameadero look at in terms of health?

Back

the spiritual health of the community and the individual

Card 3

Front

How is the PHYSICAL health of the individual maintained?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are chagras?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How many sections is the chagra divided into?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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