Topic 8: Homeostasis - the control of blood water potential - kidneys

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Anti- diurect hormone (ADH)
a peptide molecule = pituitary gland after being made by the hypothalamus - has antidiuretic action that prevents the production of dilute urine
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Arquaporins
channel proteins for water molecule in a cell membrane
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Ascending limb
One of the structures in the nephron of the kidney - drains urine into the distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
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Basement membrane
a thin fibrous extracellular matrix of tissue that separates the epithelium, mesothelium and endothelium from underlying connective tissue
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Bowman's capsule
a cup like sac at the beginning of the tubular component of a nephron in the kidney that performs the first step in the filtration of blood to form urine
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Collecting duct
part of the renal tubule in a kidney in which water absorption takes place under the control of ADH = urine of variable conc depending on overall water levels in the body
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Deamination
the removal of an amino group from an amino acids or other compound
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Descending limb
the portion of the renal tubule constituting the first part of the loop of Henle
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Distal convoluted tubule
A portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system
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Fenestrations
pores in endothelial cells that allow a faster rate of diffusion between capillaries and tissues
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Filtrate
fluid that results from filtration
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Glomerulus
a cluster of nerve endings spores and small blood vessels especially a cluster of around the end of a kidney of a kidney tubule
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Homeostasis
keeping a constant internal environment
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Medulla
a cone shaped neural mass in the brain responsible for multiple autonomic functions
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Osmoreceptor cells
cells in the hypothalamus that monitor the conc of solutes in the blood
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Podocytes
cells in Bowman's capsule in the kidneys that wrap around capillaries of the glomerulus
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Proximal convoluted
the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle
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Releasing factor
secreted by the hypothalamus to stimulate the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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Renal vein
the short thick vein which returns blood from the kidneys to the vena cava
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Selective re - absorption and secretion
the absorption of some of the components of the glomerular filtrate back into the blood as the filtrate flows through the nephron of the kidney
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Ultrafiltration
filtration under pressure
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Ureter
the duct by which urine passes from the kidney to the bladder
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vasa recta
a network of blood capillaries surrounding the loop of Henle
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Renal artery
one of the pairs of large blood vessels that branch off from the abdominal aorta and enter each kidney
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osmoregulation
the maintenance of constant osmotic pressure in the fluids of an organism by the control of water and salt conc
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

channel proteins for water molecule in a cell membrane

Back

Arquaporins

Card 3

Front

One of the structures in the nephron of the kidney - drains urine into the distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

a thin fibrous extracellular matrix of tissue that separates the epithelium, mesothelium and endothelium from underlying connective tissue

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

a cup like sac at the beginning of the tubular component of a nephron in the kidney that performs the first step in the filtration of blood to form urine

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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