It consists of two mRNA strands, gp120 receptors, 2 enzymes, phospholipid bilayer and a HIV envelope.
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What are the two enzymes in HIV?
Integrase and reverse transcriptase.
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What does reverse transcriptase do?
It transcribes a cDNA strand from the viral mRNA.
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What does integrase do?
It binds the viral cDNA strand to the T helper cells DNA.
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How does HIV hide within the T lymphocyte?
After protein synthesis the gp120 molecule is carried in lysosomes from the rER this will then fuse with the cell membrane releasing the gp120 onto the membrane.
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How is a T helper cell destroyed?
Many virus particles bind and leave the cell resulting in lysis of the cell, the build up of viral proteins and toxins interferes with the T helper cell's function again causing lysis.
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What happens in the acute phase of HIV?
Rapid loss of T helper cells, rapid virus replication, T killer cells recognise infected cells and destroy them , HIV antigens are replicated and can be detected in the blood 3 -12 weeks later.
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What happens in the chronic phase of HIV?
Replication rate is kept under control, the lysogenic state occurs there are usually no symptoms in this stage.
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What is the disease phase of HIV?
T helper cells decline so much that it causes onset aids, opportunistic infections such as TB or pneumonia affects the body.
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