They prevent the growth of bacteria (prevent cell wall synthesis etc.).
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What are narrow spectra antibiotics?
These are antibiotics which are only effective against a limited range of bacteria.
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What are broad spectrum antibiotics?
These are antibiotics with are against a range of bacteria.
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What are the pros of broad spectrum antibiotic?
They can destroy both gram negative and gram positive bacteria and the identity of the bacteria doesn't need to be known.
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What are the pros of narrow spectrum antbiotic?
They attack a specific bacterium, which prevents the damage to the body's flora.
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What are the cons of broad spectrum antibiotics?
They can destroy disease causing bacteria and helpful body flora, over prescription of broad spectrum antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance
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What are the cons of narrow spectrum antibiotics?
The identity of the bacterium needs to be known
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How do antibiotics work?
They can prevent the synthesis of new bacterial cell walls, they disrupt the cell membrane leading to the lysis of cells, they interfere with their transcription and translation, they inhibit enzymes in the bacteria.
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How does penicillin work?
It inhibits enzymes that catalyse the formation of cross links between peptidoglycan monomers, preventing the formation of new cells.
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How is antibiotic resistance passed from one bacterium to another?
Random mutations cause a bacterial cell to have resistance for an antibiotic. The plasmid consists of this gene which will be passed on to another bacterium via conjugation. Once in another bacterium DNA polymerase will form another strand.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What do bacteriostatic antibiotics do?
Back
They prevent the growth of bacteria (prevent cell wall synthesis etc.).
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