Topic 1A- Proteins 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyBiological moleculesASAQA Created by: mscerdanCreated on: 27-09-16 17:47 What are the monomers of protein called? Amino acids 1 of 34 What is it called when two amino acids join together? Dipeptide 2 of 34 What is a polypeptide? When more than two amino acids join together in a chain 3 of 34 Proteins are made up of one or more ____________s? Polypeptides 4 of 34 What are the three groups in the general strcture of an amino acid? - Amino group - Carboxyl group - Variable group (R) 5 of 34 Draw the general structure for an amino acid Page 8 of revision guide 6 of 34 What type of reaction joins together amino acids? A condensation reaction 7 of 34 What type of bond joins together the amino acids in a condensation reaction? Peptide bond 8 of 34 Which groups of the amino acid join together to form a peptide bond, releasing a molecule of water? The carboxyl group and the amino group 9 of 34 What are the four structural levels of a protein called? - Primary - Secondary - Tertiary - Quaternary 10 of 34 What is the primary structure? The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain 11 of 34 What is the secondary structure? As hydrogen bonds are formed between amino acids in the chain, this makes it automatically coil into an alpha helix or fold into a beta pleated sheet 12 of 34 What is the tertiary structure? When the secondary structure is folded and coiled even more 13 of 34 What bonds are involved in the tertiary structure? Hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds 14 of 34 What are disulfide bridges? When two cysteine (an amino acid) come close together- the sulfur atom in one cysteine bonds to the sulfur atom in the other 15 of 34 Is the tertiary structure the final 3D structure for a protein? It is when the protein is made up of only one polypeptide chain, otherwise it isn't 16 of 34 What is the quaternary structure ? The way that several polpeptide chians are assembled together. It is the final 3D structure for a protein that contains more than one polpeptide chain 17 of 34 Give four types of proteins - Enzymes - Antibodies - Transport proteins - Structural proteins 18 of 34 What is the structure of an enzyme? It is roughly spherical due to the tight folding of its polypeptide chains 19 of 34 What feature allows some enzymes to have roles in metabolism? They are soluble 20 of 34 Some enzymes help to synthesise large molecules- what does this mean? That some enzymes help to make large molecules 21 of 34 What type of protein is involed in the immune response? Antibodies 22 of 34 What are antibodies made up of? Two long and two short polypeptide chains bonded together 23 of 34 Antibodies have ________ regions variable regions 24 of 34 Give an example of a transport protein Channel proteins 25 of 34 Where are channel proteins present? In the cell membranes 26 of 34 What cause channel proteins to fold up and form a structural channel? Channel proteins contain a hydrophic and hydrophilic amino acids which cause it to fold up 27 of 34 What do channel proteins do? They transport molecules and ions across membranes 28 of 34 What is a feature of a structural protein It is physically strong 29 of 34 What is the structure of a structural protein? Long polypeptide chains lying parallel to each other with cross-links between them 30 of 34 Give an example of a structural protein - Keratin - Collagen 31 of 34 What is the test for proteins called? Biuret test 32 of 34 How is the biuret test carried out? - Make the protein alkaline by adding sodium hydroxide solution - Add copper (II) sulfate solution 33 of 34 What are the positive and negative results for the biuret test? Positive: Purple - Negative: Stays pale blue 34 of 34
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