Topic 1-Key Concepts In Biology

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Animal Cells
They contain: nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane and mitochondria.
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Plant Cells
They contain: mitochondria, cell wall, cell membrane, chloroplasts, nucleus and a large permanent vacuole.
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Bacteria
They are big enough to be seen under a microscope, they are found everywhere, some are useful and some are diseases. They contain: ribosomes, cell wall, cell membrane, plasmid and a loop of DNA.
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Specialised Cells
They have a specific function. All specialised cells have different shapes, sizes and sub-cellular structures, which help them adapt to their functions.
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Calculating The Total Magnification-Microscopy
IF U KNOW THE LENSES- eyepiece lens X objective lens WITHOUT KNOWING THE LENSE- image size divide by real size
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Enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts, they lower the rate of reaction. They are proteins which are made from long chains of amino acids.
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Denaturing Enzymes
In enzymes are put in the wrong pH or the wrong temperature, they can denature. It will denature because, it's not the same temperature or pH it has been designed to, so it loses its shape.
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Diffusion
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration, to an area of low concentration which will evenly spread out.
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Respiration-an example of diffusion
In breathing you exchange CO2 with O2 between alveoli in the lings and the blood. This is diffusion
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Osmosis
It is a special case of diffusion. It's the net movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration.
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Osmosis In Animal Cells
Animal cells do not have cell walls. This means they either swell and burst or shrink because too much water has left ti
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Osmosis In Plant Cells
If animal cells are put in pure water they take in water by osmosis until they burst.
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Active Transport
When particles move up the concentration gradient. The particles move from and area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

They contain: mitochondria, cell wall, cell membrane, chloroplasts, nucleus and a large permanent vacuole.

Back

Plant Cells

Card 3

Front

They are big enough to be seen under a microscope, they are found everywhere, some are useful and some are diseases. They contain: ribosomes, cell wall, cell membrane, plasmid and a loop of DNA.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

They have a specific function. All specialised cells have different shapes, sizes and sub-cellular structures, which help them adapt to their functions.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

IF U KNOW THE LENSES- eyepiece lens X objective lens WITHOUT KNOWING THE LENSE- image size divide by real size

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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