What is the name of the most common computer architecture
Von Neumann architecture
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What makes Von Neumann architecture different to others
The data and intructions are both held in memory
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What are the main parts of a computer
CPU, motherboard, secondary storage (HDD or SSD), RAM, I/O devices
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What are the main parts of the CPU
Control Unit, ALU, cache, registers
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Name 4 registers
PC, MAR, MDR, Accumulator
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What does the PC do
Tell the MAR which address in the memory to go to next
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What does the MAR do
Holds the address of the next memory location to access
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What does the MDR do
Hold the data found in the address in the MAR
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What does the accumulator do
Temporarily holds the results of operations performed in the ALU
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What is meant by the FDE cycle
Fetch-Decode-Execute, it is how instructions are carried out in the CPU
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What happens in the Fetch stage of the FDE cycle
The PC gives the MAR a memory address which tells the MDR where to get the data
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What happens in the Decode stage of the FDE cycle
The data in the MDR is sent to the decoder in the CU to be converted into a form the ALU can understand
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What happens in the Execute stage of the FDE cycle
The data in the decoder is sent to the ALU where it is carried out, the output is sent back to the CU which then directs it to the correct part of the computer
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What are the two components of the Contol Unit
Clock and decoder
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What does the clock do
Send out pulses to trigger the next stage of the FDE cycle
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What does the decoder do
Decodes data recieved from the MDR and sends it to the ALU for execution
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What 3 facors affect CPU performance
Clock speed, cache size, number of cores
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Why will an increased clock speed increse CPU performance
Increases the number of instructions that can be carried out per second
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Why will an increased cache size increse CPU performance
It is faster to access the cache than primary storage, more cache means more data can be accessed faster
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Why will more cores increse CPU performance
It means the CPU can execute multiple instructions at the same time
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What is primary storage
Memory where data currently in use is held eg. RAM and ROM
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What is secondary storage
Memory where data not currently in use is held eg. HDDs or SSDs
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What is a general purpose system
A computer capable of performing many tasks eg. phone or laptop
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What is an embedded system
A computer designed for only one purpose eg. cameras or Sat-Navs
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What makes Von Neumann architecture different to others
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