An arch-shaped void in a headland, open at both sides, formed by erosion
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Bar
A linear depositional beach - like landform, formed when a spit joins two headland
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Biodiversity
The variety of species in an ecosystem
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Cave
A void in a cliff where rock material has been removed from erosion
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Coral reef
A marine ecosystem formed by reef-building corals
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Deposition
When sediment (sand, gravel, slit) which has been in transport, stops moving and is dumped
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Ecosystem
An organic community of plants and animals interacting with their environment
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Hard Engineering
The use of concrete and large artificial structures by civil engineers to defend land against natural erosion process
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Headland (&bay)
A rocky coastal promontory of more erosion resistance rock; headland lie between bays of less resistance rock
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Longshore drift
The movement of loose materials along a coastline by wave action because they break at an oblique angle to the shore
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Mangroves
Tropical and sub-tropical forests; mangrove trees can grow in salty, tidal waves.
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Salt marsh
A tidal ecosystem in estuaries and deltas consisting of mud flats with salt tolerant grasses and flowers
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Sand dunes
Coastal sand hills above the high tide mark covered with grass and shrubs
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Sea level change
The rise or fall in the average level of the sea over long periods of time. This acts as a base level for natural erosion
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Soft engineering
Managing erosion by working with natural processes to help restore beaches and coastal erosion
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Spits
A depositional landform formed when a finger of sediment extends from the shore out to sea, often at a river mouth. They often have curved ends
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Stacks (&stumps)
An isolated pillar of rock left when the top of an arch has collapsed; over time further erosion reduces the stack to a smaller, lower stump.
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Sub-aerial processes
The general re-shaping of the land by normal atmospheric processes, for example wind and rain. It include weathering, mass-movement, erosion and deposition
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Wave action
Erosion, transports and deposition caused by waves on the coast
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Wave-cut platform
A rocky, level area at or around sea level representing the base of old and now retreating cliffs
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A linear depositional beach - like landform, formed when a spit joins two headland
Back
Bar
Card 3
Front
The variety of species in an ecosystem
Back
Card 4
Front
A void in a cliff where rock material has been removed from erosion
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