Thread of Life

Word glossary for the topic thread of life

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Genome
The entire sequence of genes in the human body
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Animo Acids
Building blocks of the Genome
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Replication
The making of new DNA strands using semi conservative replication
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Transcription
The making of complementary RNA for the making of new proteins
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Ribose
Sugar found in RNA has more oxygens
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Protein
Sequence of Amino acids that make up many biological features such as hair
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Codons
Sequence of bases that represent an animo acid
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Bases
Nitrogenous group that code for part of a codon
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Hormones
Globular substance to carry messages around the body. Some are proteins
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Enzymes
Proteins controlling the rates of reactions in the body.
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Primary Structure
The initial sequence of amino acids in a protein.
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Condensation reaction
A series of addition and elimination reactions producing water as a byproduct
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Peptide link
Bond between two amino acids that produces water as a part of the reaction
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Optical isomers
Isomers that act as mirror reflections of each other.
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Secondary Structure
The folding of the primary structure of a protein
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Tertiary Structure
Further folding of a protein
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Catalyst
A chemical that speeds up a reaction without being used up itself
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Substrate
The chemical that is being reacted with the enzyme
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Active site
The site on the enzyme where temporary bonds are formed with the substrate
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Inhibitors
Molecules that fits into the active site but do not participate in any reaction
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Denatured
Whereby an Enzyme loses its shape under extreme heat or pressure
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Chemical Kinetics
The study of rates of reaction
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Rate equations
Equation like sentences that describe how chemicals react together
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Rate constants
coefficient relating to the rate of the reaction at a particular temperature, pressure and concentration
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Orders of Reaction
The extent as to which the chemicals get involved in the reactions
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Rate-Determining Step
Slowest step of the reaction that sets the overall speed of the reaction
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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
The chemical that provides the code for all of the proteins in the body
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Double helix
The shape of the genome
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Gel Electrophoresis
Process whereby fragments of DNA are separated to allow for the identification of individuals.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Building blocks of the Genome

Back

Animo Acids

Card 3

Front

The making of new DNA strands using semi conservative replication

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The making of complementary RNA for the making of new proteins

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Sugar found in RNA has more oxygens

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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