Thermal Physics

?
Describe an adiabatic change.
When there is a sudden change in pressure, by which no heat is transferred into or out of the system. Q=constant.
1 of 20
What is the 1st Law of Thermodynamics?
Delta U = Delta W + Delta Q (U=internal energy; W=work done; Q=heat transferred)
2 of 20
What is the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics?
The entropy (S) of the universe is always increasing.
3 of 20
Define HEAT
Amount of energy transferred across a temperature difference.
4 of 20
Define temperature
A measure of the average kinetic energy of particle sin a system
5 of 20
What is latent heat? State the equation.
The heat required to change the phase of the substance. (change in Q = mL)
6 of 20
What is meant by an Ideal Gas?
One that obeys the ideal gas equation: PV = nRT. Attractions between particles are negligible. Volume of the particles compared to the total volume in negligible. The collisions are elastic. The time of a collision is negligible.
7 of 20
What is the purpose of the Maxwell-Boltzman distribution graph?
Shows the average kinetic energy of the system. (No. of particles = y axis; (kinetic) energy = x axis)
8 of 20
What is state?
Specific values of P, V and T that describe a system.
9 of 20
Name another formula for KE other than 1/2 mv^2
KE = 3/2kT
10 of 20
What is k in the equation KE = 3/2 kT
k = Boltzmann's Constant = 1.38 * 10^-23
11 of 20
Charles' Law?
ISOBARIC (Volume on the y axis, temperature on the x axis) = CONSTANT PRESSURE
12 of 20
Gay-Lussac's Law?
ISOCHORIC (Pressure on the y axis, temperature on the x axis) = CONSTANT VOLUME
13 of 20
Boyle's Law?
ISOTHERMIC (Pressure on the y axis, volume on the x axis) = CONSTANT TEMP
14 of 20
What is c in the formula Mc(delta)T. State its units.
Specific heat capacity (J kg^-1 K^-1)
15 of 20
A device that converts heat into mechanical work is called what?
A heat engine.
16 of 20
Describe typical steps of a heat engine's process
1) Heat is taken into the engine (from hot reservoir of assumed fixed temp) . 2) Q heat enters the engine, a part is converted to mechanical Work, what is left is heat the engine rejects. 3) Rejected heat goes to reservoir of lower temp.
17 of 20
What equation can be used to calculate an engine's efficiency?
efficiency = W/Q. Efficiency = (energy entered from hot reservoir - energy rejected)/Total energy entered from hot reservoir
18 of 20
Energy degradation refers to what happening to the energy
It becomes less useful, as a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics
19 of 20
A gas compressed isothermally so that an amount of work = 6500J is done. How much heat is taken out or given to the gas
No heat. Isothermic. Therefore, no temperature change. U = W
20 of 20

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the 1st Law of Thermodynamics?

Back

Delta U = Delta W + Delta Q (U=internal energy; W=work done; Q=heat transferred)

Card 3

Front

What is the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Define HEAT

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Define temperature

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Physics resources:

See all Physics resources »See all Thermal Physics resources »