Therapies for Schizophrenia 4.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? PsychologySchizophreniaA2/A-levelAQA Created by: Amelia BarnesCreated on: 08-06-13 15:12 What are the two types of therapies for schizophrenia? Biological and psychological. 1 of 29 What are the two types of biological therapies? ECT and antipsychotics 2 of 29 What are the two types of psychological therapies? CBT and psychodynamic therapies 3 of 29 How effective is ECT? Combination of medication and ECT is effective for rapid reduction of symptoms. 4 of 29 What did the APA study find? No difference between effects of antipsychotic medication and ECT 5 of 29 What did Sarita et al (1998) find? No difference in symptom reduction between ECT and simulated ECT 6 of 29 Why has use of ECT declined? Because of risks of memory dysfunction and brain damage. 7 of 29 What did Tharyan and Adams (2005) find? Review of 26 studies found 'real ECT more effective than 'sham' ECT 8 of 29 What do conventional antipsychotics do? Reduce effects of dopamine and so reduce symptoms of schizophrenia 9 of 29 How do they do this? They bind to D2 receptors but do not stimulate them 10 of 29 How do atypical antipsychotics work? Temporarily occupy D2 receptors then dissociate to allow normal dopamine transmission 11 of 29 What does this lead to? Lower levels of side effects, eg, tardive dyskinesia 12 of 29 What did Davis et al (1980) find? Higher relapse rate in patients whose drug was replaced with a placebo than those who remained on the drug 13 of 29 Who was antipsychotic medication more effective for? People living with hostility and criticism 14 of 29 What is a side effect of conventional antipsychotics? 30% develop tardive dyskinesia 15 of 29 What does being prescribed medication do? Creates motivational deficits which prevents positive action against illness 16 of 29 What did Leucht et al's (1999) meta-analysis find? Superiority of atypical over conventional antipsychotics was only moderate 17 of 29 What did Jeste et al (1999) find? Lower rates of tardive dyskinesia with atypical antipsychotics was supported 18 of 29 When are patients more likely to continue with medication? When there are fewer side effects 19 of 29 What did Ross and Read (2004) find? Placebo studies are not a fair test because proportion of relapses can be explained by withdrawal effects 20 of 29 What is an ethical issue with this research? Human rights issues associated with the use of antipsychotic medication 21 of 29 How does CBT work? Patients 1) trace origins of symptoms and 2) evaluate the content of delusions/hallucinations 22 of 29 What are patients allowed to do as part of CBT? Create alternatives to maladaptive beliefs 23 of 29 What have outcome studies shown? That patients receiving CBT experience fewer hallucinations and delusions than those receiving antipsychotic medication alone 24 of 29 There are lower patient drop-out rates and greater patient satisfaction with CBT than antipsychotic medication: True or false? True 25 of 29 What have meta-analyses found about the effectiveness of CBT? There was a significant decrease in positive symptoms after CBT treatment 26 of 29 What do most CBT studies also involve that make it difficult to assess the effects of CBT alone? Antipsychotic medication 27 of 29 How does CBT work? By generating less distressing explanations for psychotic experiences rather than trying to eliminate them 28 of 29 What ethical issues arose in placebo conditions? Patients are denied effective treatment 29 of 29
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