gov has to be established by consent- respect natural rights of citizen- natural laws. Authority only comes from people (limited). Citizens must accept authority and obey law but withdraw consent if gov no longer upholding natural rights.
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Jeremy Bentham
founder of unilitarianism, radical views a nd believed humans were selfish, society should encourage the free market, constitutional reform and political democracy.
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John Stuart Mill
Individuals know their own best interest- should not be decided for them. Broke from unilitarianism as it only focused on material possessions- not education and art. Believed indivuals could elect dependent on education- believed in womens rights
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Herbert spencer
suggested humans subject to same laws of natural selection to animals. gov should uphold and defend natural rights- after that not involved in society.
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Thomas Hill Green
Believed individuals had a social responsibility without loss of personal liberty. Believed in organic societ. Had an influence on new liberalism.
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William Beveridge
Social justice is vital and free market capitalism could not do this. inequality of opportunity breeds inequality.
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John Rawls
realised policies aimed at reducing inequality or preventing inequality leads to loss of liberty. individuals should be as free as possible and freedom is good as long as it is not at the expense of others.
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John Gray
Believed its difficult to explain society in liberal terms. pluralism is post liberal- society rejects liberal values. Criticises the free market. Pessimistic towards human nature.
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Jeremy Bentham
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founder of unilitarianism, radical views a nd believed humans were selfish, society should encourage the free market, constitutional reform and political democracy.
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