According to Durkheim, what two functions does education perform?
It creates social solidarity by transmitting society's cultures from one generation to the next. Education teaches individuals the specialist skills to perform their role (sieves, sorts and selects)
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How is school like a society in miniature?
There are clear, daily structures to follow. Schools have a status hierarchy. There are rules, restrictions, deadlines and uniforms
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According to Parsons, what is the role of education?
School acts as a bridge between the family and wider society which undertakes the secondary socialisation of children such as sharing with people from other backgrounds
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How are children judged in the family?
By particularlistic values (rules that apply only to that particular child) where status is ascribed (fixed by birth)
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How are children judged in education and wider society?
By universalistic values (the same laws apply to everybody) where status is achieved
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Outline Davis and Moore's Role Allocation Theory
By accessing individuals attitudes and abilities, schools match them to their job. Education 'sieves, sorts and selects' according to ability. Therefore, the school is meritocratic
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What do Neo-liberals argue?
Schools should run like businesses, with parents and children as consumers in a free market economy
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Outline Chubb and Moe's Consumer Choice Study
State run ed. in US has failed as it does not create equal opportunity. Private schools deliver higher quality ed. as they are answering to paying customers. Low income families do 5% better in private schools. Families should get vouchers to spend
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Give two criticisms of Functionalism
There is evidence to suggest equal opportunity does not exist and they are too deterministic, assuming pupils accept what they are taught
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Explain Althusser's State Apparatus theory
The state consists of two apparatuses to keep the bourgeoisie in power. The Repressive State Apparatus (power through force) and the Ideological State Apparatus (power through socialisation)
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According to Althusser, what two functions does education perform?
It reproduces class inequalities by failing each successive generation of w/c pupils. Education legitimates class inequality by teaching the w/c it is inevitable and they deserve their subordinate position
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What were Bowles and Gintis' findings in their correspondence principle study?
The norms and values the proletariat learn at school prepares them for life in the work place, working for the bourgeoisie. The correspondence principle operates through the hidden curriculum
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How does Paul Willis criticise Bowles and Gintis?
Their findings are too simplistic because many pupils do rebel against the education system
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Outline Willis' Learning To Labour study?
12 w/c 'lads' formed a counter-culture where they rebelled against school norms and values. However, they were instrumental in their own failure as the self-fulfilling prophecy guaranteed they ended up in manual work
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Give two criticisms of Marxism
Postmodernists argue education is more diverse. Willis' study is unlikely to be representative due to his small sample
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Outline the differences between Fordism and Post-Fordism
Fordism: Capitalism requires low skilled workers willing to put up with alienating work. Post-Fordism: Capitalism requires a skilled, adaptable workforce that can use advanced technology
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How is school like a society in miniature?
Back
There are clear, daily structures to follow. Schools have a status hierarchy. There are rules, restrictions, deadlines and uniforms
Card 3
Front
According to Parsons, what is the role of education?
Back
Card 4
Front
How are children judged in the family?
Back
Card 5
Front
How are children judged in education and wider society?
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