Theories of Conditioning 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyTheories of conditioning Lecture 7UniversityNone Created by: frankie_1212Created on: 30-03-18 18:52 What is Pavlov's temporal contiguity theory? Closeness in time certainly helps animals to form associations between events 1 of 35 However, what is temporal contiguity? It is inadequate as a complete theoretical account of classical conditioning 2 of 35 What don't studies of taste aversion show? That it isn't necessary 3 of 35 What did Recorla-Wagner originally focus on? The suprisingness of the US: Or discrepancy between obtained and expected reinforcement 4 of 35 What will pairing CS with unexpected US do? Increase strength of connection between them to a maximum determined by the magnitude of the US 5 of 35 Subsequent capacity of Cs to activate US representation held to depend on what? Association between them (measured as strength of CR) 6 of 35 What happens on each Cs --> US pairing? Variable increase in associative strength, depending on current associative strength of CS and max supportable by US 7 of 35 What should happen in the pairing? Learning should be most rapid early in conditioning, rate should level off later 8 of 35 What is the equation? ∆V = a(l-V) 9 of 35 What does V stand for? Strength of CS- US association 10 of 35 What does ∆V stand for? Change in strength of association on particular trial 11 of 35 What does the wave stand for? Set by magnitude of US and sets maximum strength CS-US association can reach 12 of 35 What does a stand for? Reflects salience of CS and is invariant throughout conditioning 13 of 35 For novel Cs what is V? Zero because the CS has no associative strength 14 of 35 What happens to associative strength as a function of CS and US pairings? It increases and then levels off 15 of 35 What is the effect of US magnitude on learning? The larger the magnitude of the US the higher the associative strength 16 of 35 What is extinction? Is now zero because the US is absent and the associative strength has reached zero 17 of 35 When conditioning with a compound stimuli, what will the US suprisingness depend on? How well this event is predicted by all available stimuli 18 of 35 what is Vall? Algerbraic sum of all Css present on any given trial 19 of 35 What is phase 1 in the conditioned inhibition? CsL ---> US: Vl approaches value l = 1 20 of 35 What is phase 2 in conditioned inhibition? Phase 2: (CIN + CSL) -> no US; l = 0 21 of 35 What is Ev? sum of associative strengths of L and N) approaches zero 22 of 35 What is the conditioning of inhibition equation? ∆V = a(l-V) 23 of 35 What is V? strength of CS-US association 24 of 35 What is ∆V? change in strength of association on a particular trial 25 of 35 What is l? magnitude of US, sets maximum strength CS-US association can reach 26 of 35 What is a? Salience of Cs, invariant throughout conditioning? 27 of 35 Pearce Hall (1980 Animals should not waste time processing events with known consequneces 28 of 35 Stimuli with established consequences are processed in what? Automatic mode and cannot enter new association 29 of 35 Stimuli with unknown consequences are processed where? In controlled mode and can enter into new associations 30 of 35 Pearce Hall, group 1? T-shock T-shock 31 of 35 Group 2? L-shock, T-shock 32 of 35 What was found? Phase 1 training wasnt very effective 33 of 35 What did hall and pearce report? A similar experiment in which the phase one training was more effective 34 of 35 Conclusions? - The relevance of these theories for instrumental learning is mostly not known 35 of 35
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