Theme C

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Name a social indicator of development
Life expectancy, mortality rate, adult literacy rate, calorie consumption, school enrolment, BR, DR, natural increase/decrease
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Name an economic indicator of development
GNP per capita, % employed in primary/tertiary/secondary industry, % of manufactured exports, trade, energy consumption
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Why is the HDI reliable?
Includes both social and economic data, making it more reliable than a single variable, for example it includes life expectancy, GNP per capita and literacy rate.
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What does HDI stand for?
Human Development Index
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Give a historical reason for the cause of the development gap. You should include the positive impacts
Colonialism impacted LEDCs socially, politically and economically. Positive impacts were that more jobs were created in mines and plantations, and Christianity was introduced and mission schools introduced education in Africa.
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Give a negative impact caused by the historical reasons for the development gap
The Europeans seized land from the Africans to establish plantations for the growing of cash crops and forced the people to work on these plantations for a meagre wage.
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Explain the environmental hazards which cause the development gap.
Although hazards such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, droughts, etc are not restricted to LEDCs, it impacts them significantly more as they do not have the finances to support the country through the aftermath.
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Describe how debt is a cause of the development gap
Many LEDCs borrowed from banks in attempt to develop and set up industries. The poorest 60 countries have spent $550 billion off loans. There is still $523 billion to be paid. This means LEDCs spend more money on loans than the economy.
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What is the goal of the sustainable development goals?
To reduce the development gap
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Name and explain goal 1
No poverty: as of 2015, 80% of ppl live on less than $1.25 in South Asia. It is aimed to end poverty by 2030. Strategy is to improve access to sustainable jobs, provide basic social services and to empower ppl living in poverty.
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Name and explain goal 8
Decent work: unemployment among youth reached 13% in 2015 and only 29% of the population has social security, the other 71% are not protected. Strategy: expand youth employment training schemes, eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery
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What is meant by sustainable development?
The improvement of ppl’s living standards and quality of life without misuse of resources or harming the environment
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What is meant by appropriate technology?
The introduction of technology suitable for the people who are using it. It aims to provide sustainable development as it is inexpensive, labour intensive and suitable for the skill level of the population.
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What is fair trade?
A growing international movement which ensures that buyers in rich countries guarantee a fair price with minimum fluctuations to producers in LEDCs.
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What does fair trade aim to do?
It aims to promote sustainable development as it addresses the injustices of conventional trade, works with large companies such as Cadbury and thus helps more LEDC farmers
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What is globalisation?
The process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected as a result of increased global trade, global industry and cultural exchange
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name an economic indicator of development

Back

GNP per capita, % employed in primary/tertiary/secondary industry, % of manufactured exports, trade, energy consumption

Card 3

Front

Why is the HDI reliable?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does HDI stand for?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Give a historical reason for the cause of the development gap. You should include the positive impacts

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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