The Wiemar Republic 1918-29

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What were the Terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
1.Germany paid HUGE reparations to the allies 2.Germany lost all its colanies 3.Germany's military forces were cut 4.They lost lots of land to the allies 5.Germany accepted they were to blame for the war
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Who were the November Criminals?
The Politicians who signed the Treaty of Versailles
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What number was the Military limited to?
100,000
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Why did Germans resent the Treaty?
1. They didn't think they caused the war 2.They thought they hadn't lost the war; they were just betrayed by some officials signing the contract of surrender 3.Their patriotic ego was severely bruised
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What was the New Institution Called?
The Wiemar Republic
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Why was the Wiemar Weak?
1. Chancellor seemed to have little power 2.Extreme parties didn't support democracy 3.Moderates feared it was weak
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Identify the Main Weakness of the Wiemar
Due to proportional representation, there was lots of parties represented in the Reichstag (28). This meant it was very hard to gain a majority, which meant that processes tended to be very slow
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What were the Economic Problems 1919-23
1)The economy was bankcrupt 2)The occupation of the Ruhr limited Germany's output 3)Inflation came as a result from rising unemployment. 4)The government printed more money, causing hyperinflation
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Give Some Results of Hyperinflation
1)Everyone suffered from shortages 2)Wages couldn't keep up with inflation 3)Savings became worthless 4)£1=20 billion marks, meaning countries refused trade with Germany
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Who were the KDP?
The German Communist Party
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Why did Extremist Parties Gain Support 1918-23?
1)People lost faith in moderation of Wiemar 2)Economic crisis pushed people to extremes - desperate 3)The Wiemar leaders were seen as responsible for signing the deeply loathed treaty
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Give Two Examples of Private Party Armies
Left Wing - Red Front Fighters Moderates - Sozi Forces
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What was the Spartarcist League?
An extreme left wing rebel group, who would have achieved a communist revolution in Germany 1919, had it not been for the Freikorps helping the government in surpressing them
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Who were the Freikorps?
Armed, demobilised ex-German soldiers, who lost their military jobs due to the Treaty. They: Were anti-communist; Worked with the regular Army but not officially as to not break the Treaty; Were known to take the law into their own hands
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Identify 3 political assassinations conducted by the Friekorps
1.Hugo Haase, 1919 (Council of People's Represntitives) 2.Matthias Erzberger, 1921 (Moderate politician who signed the Surrender of Germany) 3.Wather Rathenau, 1922 (Wiemar Foreign Minister)
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Explain the Kapp Putsch
Extreme right wing rebels marched on Berlin and controlled the city for a while, with the hope of reinstating the Kaiser. They were stopped eventually but this showed the Wiemar's weakness
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What Year was the Munich Putsch?
1923
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Who Lead the Munich Putsch?
Adolf Hitler and the NSDAP (The Nazi Party)
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Give Two Main Causes of the Munich Putsch
1.1923 was when the French occupied the Ruhr - because Germany wasn't paying it's reperations - which furthered political unrest 2.It was also the year of hyperinflation and wide spread economic suffering
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What Happened in the Munich Putsch?
Hitler crashed a meeting that was being held in Bavaria with 3000 officials, with a gun adn 600 SA troops, declaring he was taking over Bavaria, demanding the support of all the officials. However, by the next morning, he was betrayed and arrested
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What were the Results of the Putsch?
Hitler was trialed, found guilty and imprisoned for 5 years. The Nazi party was banned However, despite this short term failure; Hitler used the trial to gain publicity for his political views and ideology
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How Many People Died in the Putsch?
18 in Total. 14 Nazi Supporters and 4 Policemen
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What Year Did Political Unrest Begin to Settle?
1924
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What Four Main Features Aided Wiemar Recovery?
1)Introduction of the Rentenmark 2)The Dawes Plan, 1924 3)The Locarno Pact, 1925 4)The Young Plan, 1929
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What were the Key Features of the Dawes Plan?
Annual German reperation payments were reduced to a more affordable level US banks gave loans to German industry, boosting their economy
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What were the Key Features of the Locarno Pact?
Germany agreed to keep the 1919 borders with France and Belgium In Return: The last Allied troops left the Rhineland France promised peace with Germany The Powers agreed to considering to all German membership of the League of Nations
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What Were the Key Features of the Young Plan?
1)Reduced annual amount government had to pay 2)This made it possible to lower taxes 3)This then released spending power and boosted the German economy
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What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
A pact promising all countries that signed it wouldn't use war to achieve foreign policy aims
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When Did Germany Join the League of Nations?
September 1926
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How did Stresemann Stabilise the Wiemar?
1)He reduced reperations, improved currency and restored economy 2)Imporved German international relations 3)Regained support of moderate parties
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When did Stresemann Die?
3rd October 1929
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What Global Crisis Occurred Shortly After his Death?
The Wall Street Crash which lead to the Global Economic Depression
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Who were the November Criminals?

Back

The Politicians who signed the Treaty of Versailles

Card 3

Front

What number was the Military limited to?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why did Germans resent the Treaty?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was the New Institution Called?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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