The USA 1929 - 1941

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  • Created by: sofiaw
  • Created on: 02-02-14 18:23
How many Americans were unemployed by 1933?
A quater of the workforce (about 13 million) were unemployed by 1933.
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Why did some farmers not bother to harvest their produce in the early 1930's?
It was costing farmers more to harvest and transport their produce than they could make by selling it.
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What were Hoovervilles?
Shanty towns made by the homeless. They were named after the president Hoover.
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Explain why Hoover lost the 1932 election?
Hoover's action on the economy didn't go far enough. Roosevelt had been a popular governor of New York. He ran a well organised and energetic election campaign.
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Which party did Hoover belong to?
Republican
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What were Roosevelts three main aims?
These were to be the 'New Deal' for the american people. 1) Relief- to help to improve the lives of people 2) Recovery- to begin to rebuild US industry and trade. 3) Reform- to change conditions to ensure future progress.
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Name three steps that were taken to try to increase confidence in the banking system?
There was a four day 'bank holiday' closure. Healthy, sound backs reopened, weak banks were reorganised under Federal supervision. Laws were introduced to insure deposits and limit speculation. The stock market was to be monitored more closely.
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What were the 'Hundred Days'?
The 'Hundred Days' were the first period of Roosevelt's term in office, during which he introduced many new acts.
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What was the FERA?
The Federal Emergency Relief Administration made $500 million avaliable to state and local government for emergency relief. This was used to give direct assistance to the poor, for example: dole payments and soup kitchens
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What was the CCC?
The Civilian Conservation Corps provided work for thousands od unempoyed men in forestry, water and soil conservation projects. This was followed by the Public Works Administration which provided work building roads, bridges, hospitals and housing.
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What was the AAA?
The Agricultural Adjustment Administration paid farmers to limit food production. This raised prices and increased incomes. The AAA also helped farmers modernise and rebuild their businesses
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What was the NRA?
The National Recovery Act drew up codes of fair competition, set minimum wages and a maximum eight hour day. Trade unions were encouraged. This wa a cooperative effort and relied on the voluntary agreement of businesses.
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What was the TVA?
The Tennessee Valley Authority brought construction projects. A large number of dams were built to prevent flooding. Trees were planted to prevent soil erosion. The TVA construted power stations which brought electricity to the area.
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What was the HOLC?
The Home Owners Loan Corporation helped people who were in danger of having their homes repossessed. It provided new long-term loans.
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Name two acts passed in 1935 as part of the 'Second New Deal'.
The Social Security Act this began America's state system old age pensions and unemployment benefits. The Works Progress Administration was like the PWA but it also created jobs for actors, artists, photographers and musicians
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Why did Hue Long oppose the New Deal?
Long wanted to tax the rich and give money to the poor. He claimed that it would give every family an income on $5000 a year. This would create a bigger demand for jobs as the families would spend more.
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Explain why some businessmen and members of the Republican party opposed the New Deal
Roosevelt's critics said that the New Deal made Americans too dependant on government help. Some people were angry that the New Deal allowed trade unions in the workplace. Some people condemned the New Deal measures as 'socialist' and un-American.
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Why did the political balance of the Supreme Court hamper the New Deal?
In 1935, the Supreme Court declared that several of the New Deal measures were illegal. Most of the judges were Republicans and Roosevelt asked to put 6 Democrats on the SC but this was declined and Roosevelt was forced to back down.
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To what figure had unemployment fallen to in 1940?
In 1940, there was only 1.5 million people out of work.
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How successful was the New Deal in achieving its three main aims?
The New Deal had considerable success in its main aims. The FERA did a good job of providing the needed with aid. Roosevelt successfully recovered the 'banking crisis' with the Emergency Baking Act. The New Deal created millions of jobs
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What finally solved America's unemployment problem?
It was the outreak of the Second World War in Europe that brought the jobless total down.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why did some farmers not bother to harvest their produce in the early 1930's?

Back

It was costing farmers more to harvest and transport their produce than they could make by selling it.

Card 3

Front

What were Hoovervilles?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Explain why Hoover lost the 1932 election?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Which party did Hoover belong to?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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