Sodium is stored in oil in the laboratory, why is that so?
Sodium reacts rapidly in air and moisture.
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What are the properties of group 1 elements?
Soft ( can be cut with a razor blade). Have low density ( can float on water). Have low melting points. React vigorously with water , catching fire or even exploding.
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What changes down the group 1?
The group 1 metals become MORE reactive as they move down the group. They react MORE vigorously with water.
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What are the group 7 elements called?
Halogens.
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What are the properties of group VII elements?
Exist as diatomic molecules ( Cl2) , have low melting point and boiling point. They become LESS REACTIVE as they move down the group.
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What are the distinctive trends they show?
Colour , state.
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Note 1
The melting and boiling points INCREASES down the group ( opposite to group I elements ).
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Note 2
The INTENSITY of colour INCREASES down the group.
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Note 3
A more reactive element displaces a less reactive element ( lower in the group ) from its salt dissolved in water.
Why are the noble gases stable and do not form bonds?
Their outermost shell is full, therefore the noble gases are stable and do not form bonds with other atoms.
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What are the properties of group 0 elements?
They exist as monatomic molecules. They have low boiling points and low density ( at room temperature and pressure , they exist as gases).
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What are the uses of Helium?
In airships , weather balloons ( attribute : inert ( unreactive ) , low density ).
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What are the uses of Neon?
In advertising lights ( attribute : inert ( unreactive ) , glow at low pressure , high voltage.
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What are the uses of Argon?
As inert gas in light bulbs. In welding , manufacture of steel ( attribute : inert ( unreactive ) , even when white-hot.
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Why is that hot-air balloons are filled with helium and not hydrogen?
Hydrogen is flammable.
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What are the characteristics of transition elements?
They have high densities , high melting points. They form coloured compounds. They have variable oxidation states. The elements and their compounds are good catalysts.
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What are the characteristics of non- transition elements?
They have low densities, melting points. They compounds are usually colourless in water. They usually have fixed oxidation states. They are rarely used as catalysts.
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Sodium is stored in oil in the laboratory, why is that so?
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