The Periodic Table

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How did Newlands and Mendeleev attempt to classify the elements?
Arranging them in order of their atomic weights
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Why is the table called a periodic table?
Because similar properties occur at regular intervals
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What are the columns known as? and why are they in these columns?
Groups. The elements with similar properties are in each group.
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What was wrong with the early periodic table?
It was incomplete and some elements were placed in inappropriate groups if the strict order of atomic weights was followed.
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How did Mendeleev overcome some of these problems?
By leaving gaps for elements that he thought had not been discovered.
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How is the modern periodic table arranged?
In terms of their electronic structure. Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their highest occupied energy level (outer shell).
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Elements in Group 1 of the periodic tbale are known as what?
The alkali metals.
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Give 4 different properties of alkali metals (group 1 elements).
1. They are metals with low density (the first 3 elements are less dense than water) 2. They react with non-metals to form ionic compounds 3. React with water, releasing hydrogen 4. Form hydroxides that dissolve in water to give alkaline solutions.
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In Group 1, the further down the group an element is...
1. The more reactive the element 2. The lower it's melting point and boiling point.
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In comparison to the elements in Group 1, the transition elements...
1.Have higher melting points (except mercury) and higher densities 2.Are stronger and harder 3.Are much less reactive and so do not react as vigorously with water or oxygen.
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What are many transition metals useful as?
Catalysts.
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What are Group 7 elements known as?
The Halogens
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What do Group 7 elements react with metals to form?
Ionic compounds in which the halide ion carries a charge of -1.
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In Group 7, the further down the group an element is...
1. The less reactive the element 2. The higher it's melting point and boiling point.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why is the table called a periodic table?

Back

Because similar properties occur at regular intervals

Card 3

Front

What are the columns known as? and why are they in these columns?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was wrong with the early periodic table?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How did Mendeleev overcome some of these problems?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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