Key Topic 1: The Weimar Republic 1918-1933

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  • Created by: Maddi
  • Created on: 01-05-14 20:42
What are the reasons for setting up the Weimar Republic?
The Weimar Republic was set up beacause there was a lot of political unrest after losing World War 1 and the abdication of the Kaiser.
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What were the terms of the treaty of Versailles?
Germany had to pay reparations (£6600 million), Germany lost colonies, German military forces were cut and Germany lost land.
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Why was the treaty of Versailles particularly unpopular?
German citizens believed they had been betrayed by politicans in Berlin, stabbed in the back. These politicans were named the 'November Criminals'.
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What were weaknesses of the Weimar Constitution?
Weaknesses of the Weimar Constitution were Ariticle 48 and Propotional Representation.
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Why was Article 48 a weakness of the Weimar Constitution?
Article 48 => in an emergency the president did not need the agreement of the Reichstag but could issue decrees. The problem was that it did not state what an emergency was and Hitler used it to take power legally.
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Why was Proportional Representation a weakness of the Weimar Constitution?
Proportional Representation => meant that lots of small parties that were not strong enough to get majority and therefore no government to get their law passed in the Reichstag.
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What was the Spartacist Uprisings?
It was a left-wing revolt that happened in 1919, lead by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht. They demonstrated in Berlin and took over key buildings. The Freikorps help put down the revolt. Rosa and Karl were imprisoned then murdered.
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Who were the Freikorps?
The Freikorps were demobilished soldiers, returning from the war, who had refused to give back their arms. They were anti-communist and worked with the regular army.
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What was the Kapp Putsch?
The Kapp Putsch was a right-wing that occured in 1920 revolt lead by Wolfgang Kapp. Their aim was to bring back the Kaiser. They controlled Berlin until the government urged workers to go on strike - services ground to a halt. Kapp fled.
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What was the cause of the French Occupation of the Ruhr?
The French Occupation of the Ruhr was caused because Germany failed to pay its reparations - this was because its reserves of gold had all been spent on the war and the TOV deprived Germany of its wealth earning areas (coalfieds in Silesia).
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What was the French Occupation of the Ruhr?
The Occupation of the Ruhr was when the French sent troops to occupy the Ruhr and confiscate materials. The German government urged pasive resistance. The Occupation of the Ruhr did the French little good, but it crippled Germany.
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What was the result of the French Occupation of the Ruhr?
The French Occupation of the Ruhr increased Germany's debts, unemployment and the shortage of goods. This meant the prices of things went up. The German government needed money so they began to print more.
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What impact did hyperinflation have on Germany?
Hyperinflation caused everyone to suffer from the shortages - imports dried up and shortages of food and goods got worse. Everyone found it difficult to buy what they needed.
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Who was hit hardest by hyperinflation?
People with savings were hit hardest by hyperinflation because their savings became worthless. This was mainly middle class.
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What were the economic policies that Stresemann set up?
The Rentemark, The Dawes Plan, The Locarno Plan, The League of Nations, Kellogg-Briand Pact and The Young Plan.
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When was the Rentemark put in place?
August 1923.
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When was the Dawes Plan agreed?
April 1924.
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When was the Locarno Plan signed?
October 1925.
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When were Germany given a place on the League of Nations?
September 1926.
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When was the Kellog-Briand Pact signed?
August 1928.
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When was the Young Plan created?
August 1929.
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What is the Kellog-Briand?
Germany became one of 65 countries to sign the pact - an international agreement in which states promised not to use war to achieve their foreign policy aims.
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What was the League of Nations?
The league of Nations was an international body in which powerful countries discussed ways of solving the world's problems.
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What was the Locarno Pact?
A treaty between Germany, Belgium, Britain, France and Italy. Germany agreed to keep its new border with France and Belgium and in return the allied troops left the Rhineland, France promised a peace treaty and agreed to dicuss Germany in the LON.
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What was the Young Plan?
Plan to reduce German reparations from £6600 billion to £2 billion. Germany was given an extra 59 years to pay.
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What was the Dawes Plan?
Plan wasto reduce Germanys annual payments to an affordable level and it was agreed that American banks would invest in German industry.
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What was the Rentemark?
The Rentemark was the new currency, Stresemann abolished the other because of hyperinflation and the Occupation of the Ruhr.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What were the terms of the treaty of Versailles?

Back

Germany had to pay reparations (£6600 million), Germany lost colonies, German military forces were cut and Germany lost land.

Card 3

Front

Why was the treaty of Versailles particularly unpopular?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What were weaknesses of the Weimar Constitution?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why was Article 48 a weakness of the Weimar Constitution?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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