The Nazi regime ( The police state)

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  • Created by: Millie
  • Created on: 07-03-13 09:10
What was the role of Hitler in Nazi Germany?
He was the undisputed leader of the one-party state. After the death of Hindenburg in August 1934 the posts of president and chancellor were combined. He was also commander in chief of all the armed forces
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What was Hitler's character like?
He was not well educated and had no experience for any role in government or administration. His first real job was his appointment as chancellor;however, he was a charismatic and dynamic leader and this allowed him to play on 'mass suggestion'.
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Name some of Hitler's bad qualities.
He had irregular sleeping hours. He had long periods of absence from Berlin when he stayed in the Bavarian Alps. He had a tendency to become immersed in architectural projects. As he got older he became more neurotic and moody.
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Was Hitler an effective dictator?
No. At times he could be quite indecisive.He was presented as an all powerful dictator, but he never showed any inclination to properly coordinate government.
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What was the biggest sign that demonstrated Hitler's disinterest in coordinating government?
The role of the cabinet started to decline rapidly after 1934.
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How many times did the cabinet meet in 1933?
72 times
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How many times did the cabinet meet in 1936?
4 times
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How many times did the cabiet meet in 1938?
Once - February
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Name some points that could be used to argue that Hitler was in fact a strong leader
Some say that he deliberately ran a policy of 'divide and rule'. He took responsibility for making the 'big decisions that shaped the future of Germany despite other power bases. He proved his authority by tolerating only key Nazis who were loyal.
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What was the consequence of Hitler only tolerating key Nazis?
Key Nazis would fight between themselves to win his favour.
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How did the ** emerge and how did it evolve?
1.The ** emerged in 1925 as Hitler's personal body guards but they were initially just a minor section of SA. The ** eventually developed an identity and structure of its own which kept it separate from the state whilst it was still linked with it.
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Who were the Gestapo?
The secret police
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What was the RSHA?
The Reich Security Office, which amalgamated all police and security organizations
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When did Himmler become the leader of the **?
1929
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How many members did the ** have in 1925?
250
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How many members did the ** have by 1933?
52 000
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What was the SD and when was it created?
It was a special security service that was supposed to act as the Party's own internal security police. It was created in 1931
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What happened with Himmler between 1933 - 1934
He assumed control of all the police in the Lander, including the Gestapo in Prussia.
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When was the Night of the Long Knives?
30th June 1934
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When was Himmler made the Cheif of all German Police?
June 1936. All police powers had become unified.
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When was the RSHA created?
1939
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What was the ORPO?
The regular police
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What was the waffen **?
The military armed **
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What was the Kripo?
The criminal police - they were responsible for the maintenance of general law and order
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What were the three main functions of the **?
Intelligence gathering by the SD. Policing by the Gestapo and Kripo. Military action by the first units of the Waffen **.
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How did the number of devisions in the Wafffen ** change?
1938- only 3 devisions with 14 000 people to having 35 devisions in 1945
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What was ' New Order'?
A term used by the Nazis to describe the economic, political and radical integration of Europe under the Third Reich.
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When the the influence of the ** begin to expand enormously?
1939 with the creation of 'New Order'
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How powerful was the **?
Very powerful as they were only answerable to Hitler.
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What had the ** essentially become?
A state within a state
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How many members did the ** have in 1939?
250 000
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With whom did the ** sometimes disagree with?
The local gauleiters and the governors of the occupied territory.
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What were the limitations of the Gestapo?
It had no more than 40 00 agents for the whole of Germany. Most of the work of the Gestapo was prompted by public informers, which were caused more often by gossip <- created lots of paperwork. They had few 'top agents' so it had to rely on Kripo.
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Name the four main things that the ** was in charge of.
Security. Military. Economy. Ideology and race
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How did Nazi propaganda use the media?
To glorify the regime. To spread Nazi ideology and values. To win the people over and to integrate the nation's diverse elements.
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How did Goebbels coordinate radio?
Goebbels brought all broadcasting under Nazi control by the creating of the Reich Radio Company. The Nazi gov. made provisions for the production of cheap radio sets, the People's receivers ( Volksempfanger). 70 % of German homes had a radio in 1939.
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How else was broadcasting used?
Broadcasting was also used in public places: loudspeakers were installed in restaurants, cafes, offices and factories and there were 'Radio wardens' who were there to make sure that people were listening.
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How was the press used?
It was difficult to control the press. There were 4,700 daily newspapers and they were all owned privately so they owed no loyalty to the government.
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How was the press brought under Nazi control?
The Nazi publishing house bought 2/3 of the numerous newspapers by 1939. The various news agencies were merged into one ( DNB), which was state controlled.
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What was the Editor's law of October 1933?
A law made so that the content of a newspaper was the responsibility of the editor; it was now the editor's job to make sure that the content satisfied the requirements of the Ministry of Propaganda otherwise there would be consequences in store.
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How did Nazism try to create a new social ritual?
The creation of the ' Heil Hitler' greeting, the Horst Wessel anthen and the preponderance of militaristic uniforms and the creattion of festivals to commemorate historic days in the Nazi calendar
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What were the success of Nazi propaganda?
It cultivated the ' Hitler myth' of him as an all-powerful leader. It stregthened the Nazi regime after Germany's economic and political crisis 1929-33. Appealed effectively to reinforce established family values and German nationalism
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What were the failures of Nazi propaganda?
It failed to denounce Christian churches. It failed to move the working class away from their established identity through the ideal of Volksgemeinschaft. It failed to develop a distinctive Nazi culture
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Why was communist resistance to the Nazi state so limited?
Over half of the KPD's members had been imprisoned during the first year if Nazi rule. By 1935 the Gestapo had infiltrated the remains of the party.
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What were the main factors that lead to the failure of German communists?
Leading activists after 1936 were drawn way from Germany to fight for the Republicans against the Fascists in the Spanish Civil War. They took order from Moscow - in the 1930s Stalin purged elements of the whole communist movements.
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....
They were compromised by the Nazi- Soviet pact of 1939-41 + Even when the USSR and Germany were at war with each other in June 1941- the resistance groups remained isolated.
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What was the White Rose Movement?
A group of university students led by brother and sister Hans and Sophie Scholl who distributed a series of leaflets between 1942 and 3 that openly condemned the Nazi regime.
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When were they found out ?
Feb 1943
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Did the White Rose Group achieve anything?
Yes, the brutality with which they were treated exposed the unyielding and cruel nature of the Nazis + they managed to spread their message, which is still remembered to this day.
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Why did Germany's 'active resistance' fail to undermine the Third Reich?
It emerged slowly and did not recognise the true radical nature of Nazism early enough.The upper classes were linked with the army who gave their support to the Night of the Long Knives. They sort of strengthened the Nazis in a way and by the time .
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...
they wanted to bring them down the Nazis were too strong
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What was the Kreisau Circle?
A resistance group of officers, aristocrats, academics and churchmen who met up to make plans for a new Germany after Hitler. They were politically conservative and strongly influenced by Christian values.
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When was Stauffenberg's assination plot on Hitler's life?
20th July 1944
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What was the Red Orchestra?
A communist cell of spies that successfully permeated the government and military.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What was Hitler's character like?

Back

He was not well educated and had no experience for any role in government or administration. His first real job was his appointment as chancellor;however, he was a charismatic and dynamic leader and this allowed him to play on 'mass suggestion'.

Card 3

Front

Name some of Hitler's bad qualities.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Was Hitler an effective dictator?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was the biggest sign that demonstrated Hitler's disinterest in coordinating government?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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