why we remember some things better than others, because the different stores have different properties of duration, capacity, encoding and retrieval
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what is the duration of the STSS?
from 1/10 of a second to 4 seconds
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what is the capacity of STSS?
fairly small
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what is the encoding for STSS?
modality specific - haptic, echoic, or iconic
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give a strength of STSS.
-Sperling showed that when shown a grid of 12 items, we can only recall some of the grid and only for a short time
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give 3 weaknesses of MSM.
-semantic precessing also happens in STM showing it is more complex. -working memory model shows that there is a visual part to STM. -LTM may have more that 1 store (procedural and declarative)
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what is the duration of STM?
30 seconds
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what is this shown by?
Peterson + Peterson
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what is the capacity for STM?
7 items + or - 2
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what is this shown by?
Miller showed that regardless of the type of material only this many could be stored
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how can capacity be increased?
by chunking
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how are things encoded into STM?
visually and acoustically
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what is this shown by?
Baddeley showed that items in STM got muddled when they sounded similar
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What is a result of the limited capacity?
items will either fail to enter STM or push the oldest item left
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what is the duration of LTM?
very long - the rest of your life potentially
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what is this shown by?
Bahrick Spanish test
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what is the capacity for LTM?
infinite
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what is this shown by?
Linton's diary
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how are things encoded into LTM?
semantically
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what is this shown by?
Sachs showed that Ptps made meaning-based errors when asked to recognise sentences
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what is the difference between STM and LTM?
LTM has the primacy effect - words are lost if read quickly. STM has the recency effect - memories are lost if there is a delay before recall
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what does it explain?
Back
why we remember some things better than others, because the different stores have different properties of duration, capacity, encoding and retrieval
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