The Matching Hypothesis, Reward/Need Satisfaction, Social Exchange Theory and Equity Theory

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  • Created by: Ellie
  • Created on: 05-06-15 12:40
What does the Matching Hypothesis say?
We actively seek individuals who are most like ourselves (attractiveness wise)
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What do we have a fear of when it comes to the Matching Hypothesis?
Rejection
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Did Murstein's study support/go against the Matching Hypothesis?
Support
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What did Goffman say?
We aspire to be in a relationship with someone who's classed as being socially desirable
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What did Walster et al do six months later after the original study?
Re-visited the original participants, found they'd dated similar people to themselves since the study, which supports the Matching Hypothesis
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Why do we form relationships based on Reward/Need Satisfaction?
Because of the rewards we receive
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What is the study based around?
Operant and classical conditioning
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What has operant conditioning got to do with Reward/Need Satisfaction?
Rewarding stimuli produce positive feelings, whereas punishing stimuli produce negative feelings. We are more likely to repeat any behaviour that leads to a desirable outcome - we get into a relationship with someone who acts as a positive reinforcer
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What has classical conditioning got to do with Reward/Need Satisfaction?
We become attracted to people we associate with positive feelings/events
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What research acts as evidence for the importance of rewards?
Griffit and Guay's study
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What type of theory is the Social Exchange Theory?
An economic theory
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What two things does this theory involve?
Benefits and costs
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What is the comparison level in a relationship and who came up with it?
Thibaut and Kelly - a standard against which all our relationships are judged
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What are the 4 stages in Thibaut and Kelly's model?
Sampling, bargaining, commitment and institutionalisation
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What are the 2 outside factors of a relationship?
Comparison level and comparison level for alternatives
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What does the Equity Theory say?
The distribution of rewards is negotiated to ensure fairness in a relationship, unfair relationships produce more dissatisfaction
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Outline Hatfield et al's study
Newlyweds were questioned and asked to reveal whether they believed there were receiving more/less in their relationship
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What were the results of Hatfield et al's study?
Those that felt under-benefitted were the least satisfied, those that were over-benefitted felt guilty and those in an 'equitable' relationship felt the most satisfied
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Which researchers talked about gender differences in relationships?
Steil and Weltman
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What did Moghaddam et al say about Western relationships?
They are individualistic, voluntary and temporary
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Card 2

Front

What do we have a fear of when it comes to the Matching Hypothesis?

Back

Rejection

Card 3

Front

Did Murstein's study support/go against the Matching Hypothesis?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did Goffman say?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What did Walster et al do six months later after the original study?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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