The First World War

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How did the war begin for Russia?
Well
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What did the war do for support for the tsar in the beginning?
It rallied support for the tsar and encouraged patriotism
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What did the students who were previously protesting against the Tsar now turn to?
Protesting outside the German embassy
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Where did the Russian troops enter in August 1914?
East Prussia
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What did the Germans do in response to the Russian troops entering the country?
Rediverted some of thier forces from France back to Prussia
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What was the Schlieffen plan?
The German war plan
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What happened at the battle of Tannenburg?
Russian adavncing troops collided with the German defensive and a major battle occurred
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Who won at the battle of Tannenburg?
The Germans won a crushing victory
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How many Russian forces were captured at the battle of Tannenburg?
95,000
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How many Russian forces died at the battle of Tannenburg?
30,000
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How many Russian troops managed to escape the battle of Tannenburg?
Only 10,000
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Who were the German generals at the battle of Tannenburg?
Ludendorf and Hindenburg
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How many German casualties were there at the battle of Tannenburg?
20,000
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What did the Russian general do instead of having to report the loss of the battle to the Tsar?
Shot himself
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What fortress did the Russian forces manage to surround in September and where was it?
Przemysl in Austro-Hungary
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How long did it take to capture the fort of Przemsyl?
Four months
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What year appeared to be the turning point in the war for Russia?
1915
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Name another battle that the Russians were defeated at
Lodz
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What had happened at the end of 1915?
Russian forces had been completely driven out of Poland
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What did Nicholas do in response to the loss of Poland?
Appointed himself as commander in chief of the Russian army
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Was Nicholas II qualified to command the Russian army?
No
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Who did Nicholas leave in charge whilst he was away at the front line?
Tsarina Alexandra
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What did the Russians launch in June 1916?
The Brusilov offensive
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How did the Brusilov offensive go initially?
Well, it even prompted Romania to join the Russians
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What had happened by August to the Brusilov offensive?
It had lost momentum
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What was the retreat of the Brusilov offensive associated with?
Desertions and mutinies
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What was the Russian army short of?
Morale and basic supplies
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Why did the Brusilov offensive fail?
Due to Nicholas' poor leadership, poor communications and backwards technology
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How capable was the Russian economy of coping well through war?
Quite capable
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How many artillery shells could the Russians produce per month?
4.5 million
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How many artillery shells could the Germans produce per month?
7 million and they were fighting a war on two fronts
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What was the main problem with the Russian economy?
Transportation failed to get artillery to the battle areas
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How many artillery shells per day were some units limited to using per day?
Three
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By the end of 1916 how many Russian soldier were dead?
1.6 million
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By the end of 1916 how many Russian soldiers were wounded?
3.9 million
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By the end of 1916 how many Russian soldiers were captured?
2.4 million
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How many Russian men had been mobilised to war?
15.3 million
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What happened to the national budget throughout the war?
It rose eightfold
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How was the higher budget financed?
Out of loans from Britain and France, higher taxes and printing more money.
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What did printing more money lead to?
Inflation- prices rose over 200%
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Why were their food shortages in Russia?
Because there was a loss of agricultural workers and horses to tend to the land. Also the railways had been taken over by the army so food wasn't being transported into the cities.
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What undermined domestic support for the war?
Huge loss of life and military humiliations
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What did patriotism lead to?
The creation of bodies to help with the war
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What did the Zemstva do at the beginning of the war?
Provided medical care
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What did the Congress of Representatives of Industry do to help Russia?
Helped coordinate war production
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Who created the Central War Industries comittee?
Guchkov (an Octobrist)
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Why was the Central War industries committee created?
To try and stimulate the production of weapons and ammunition
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How sucessful were these separate bodies created to aid the war effort?
Very sucessful
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What was bad about these bodies in the eyes of government?
They highlighted the weaknesses of government in comparison to these bodies. These bodies were doing a lot to help and government was doing very little, it undermined support for them.
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What didn't the government know how to do with regard to these bodies?
Incorporate them into their war effort
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What did the zemstva and the dumas create to help with the war effort?
The ZEMGOR
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What did the ZEMGOR do?
Aided the care of war casulties
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What did the government fail to do with regard to the ZEMGOR?
Failed to use it officially and so it became a centre of liberal discontent against the Russian war effort
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What weren't duma deputies allowed to do?
Help with the war effort
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What did some duma deputies do in response to the anger of not being able to help with the war effort?
They formed the Progressive Bloc
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What was the Progressive Bloc?
A group within the state duma that wanted greater parliamentary control of government
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What comprised the main membership of the progressive bloc?
Kadets, Octobrists and Progressivists
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What did Nicholas do with regard to the Progresive Bloc?
He wouldn't listen to them and refused their requests
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What did the ministers campaigning for reform do after Nicholas dismissed their requests?
Resigned or were dismissed
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What did the Tsarina think of the progressive bloc?
She distrusted them
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What did the Tsarina think of the independent bodies and the ZEMGOR?
That they were disloyal
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Who did the Tsarina appoint as her ministers?
Only ultra-conservatives
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What did the Tsarinas rule create?
More opposition
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Name the potential causes of Russias failure in the war
Role of Rasputin, Political impacts, The Tsarina's rule, The Home Front, The economy, The transport systems and Russias military performance
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Why was Rasputin introduced to the court?
He was thought to have the power of healing haemophilia
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Why was the Tsarina accused of being an enemy to Russia?
She was German
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What did the war do for support for the tsar in the beginning?

Back

It rallied support for the tsar and encouraged patriotism

Card 3

Front

What did the students who were previously protesting against the Tsar now turn to?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where did the Russian troops enter in August 1914?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What did the Germans do in response to the Russian troops entering the country?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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