The Digestive System and Enzymes

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  • Created by: joshd
  • Created on: 29-03-14 08:57
What are too big and what can't they pass through?
Starch, proteins and fats are BIG molecules - too big to pass through the walls of the digestive system.
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What are much smaller molecules?
Sugars, amino acids, glycerol and fatty acids are much smaller molecules - they can pass easily through the walls of the digestive system.
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What do the digestive enzymes do? (EXAMPLES)
They break down the BIG molecules into smaller ones. E.g.: Carbohydrases (e.g, amylase) digest starch to sugars. Proteases (e.g, pepsin) digest proteins to ammino acids. Lipase digests fat to fatty acids and glycerol.
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How does digestion work with the mouth?
1 Food is moistened with saliva from the salivary glands 2 The salivary glands produce amylase enzyme in the saliva,which breaks down starch 3 Food is chewed to form a ball of food(bolus), before being swallowed.
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How does digestion work with the liver?
Where bile is produced. Bile neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats.
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How does digestion work with the gall bladder?
Where bile is stored, before it's released into the small intestine.
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How does digestion work with the small intestine?
1) Produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes to complete digestion. 2 This is also where the "food" is absorbed out of ther digestive system into the body.
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How does digestion work with the large intestine?
Where excess water is absorbed from the food.
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How does digestion work with the pancreas?
Produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes. It release these into the small intestine.
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How does digestion work with the stomach?
1 It pummels the food with its muscular walls 2 It produces the protease enzyme, pepsin 3 It produces hydrochloric acid for two reasons:a) to kill bacteria.b) to give the right pH for the protease enzyme to work (pH2-acidic)
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How does digestion work with the oseophagus?
A tube that takes food from the mouth to the stomach. It's lined with muscles that contract to help the ball of food move along, by peristalsis.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are much smaller molecules?

Back

Sugars, amino acids, glycerol and fatty acids are much smaller molecules - they can pass easily through the walls of the digestive system.

Card 3

Front

What do the digestive enzymes do? (EXAMPLES)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How does digestion work with the mouth?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How does digestion work with the liver?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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