The Development Gap

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How was the world divided up from a western perspective?
First world, second world, third world
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What is the north/south divide?
The contrast of economically wealthier & industrial countries to poorer ones
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Why was the north/south divide not a good indicator of development?
Measured by GNP, too simple
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What is the two fold division?
the labelling of LDC or MDC.
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Why was the two fold division not widely accepted?
Development also social and cultural. LDCs became LEDCs
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What happened as a result of LEDCs growing faster than most developed economies?
New category introduced - newly industrialised countries (NICs)
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Why is birth rate a good indicator of development?
In rich countries, women achieve high level of education and are less likely to have children due to careers.
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Why is death rate a poor indicator?
Almost all countries have a low death rate
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Why is GNP/GNI a bad indicator?
Only economical measure, no living standards
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What is standard of living?
Economic comfortability of every day life
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What is PQLI?
Social measure of wellbeing
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In the 5 fold division, which label shows the countries most developed?
rich industrialising and oil exporting
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Why is the 5 fold division a good measure of development?
it is clear however the classification does not always fit neatly
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Use Hurricane Ivan to describe how physical factors increase global inequality
7th september 2004, winds of 200kmph, trees uprooted, roads blocked, buildings, destroyed, lack of food and water overcome, tourism, agriculture and infrastructure ruined and harder to overcome
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How do human factors increase global inequality?
exports from low developed countries mainly raw materials, clean water needed for good crop production and health, corrupt governments unstable and so others don't invest
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What is a loan?
money borrowed to fund a project which has to be paid back with interest
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What is aid?
gifts given to raise standards of living and are not repaid
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What happens if a loan is taken for a development project and the project fails?
the country in debt has to work hard to produce goods to fund interest
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What does debt relief do?
reduce interest rate/amount of loan. debtor countries benefit hugely
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What is a conservation swap?
poor countries use all natural resources to pay off proportions of debts by promise they will undertake environmental conservation projects
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What physical factors make global inequality worse?
landlocked countries are unable to trade, climate related disease and climatic hazards i.e. drought
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What economic factors make global inequality worse?
low life expectancy, standards of living hard to develop, civil wars
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What environmental factors make global inequality worse?
people abuse land, deforestation, wildlife sacrificed to poachers which could have generated tourism
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What social factors make global inequality worse?
water quality causes disease, reliability of water supply limits crop yield
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Describe the Community youth empowerment development project in Uganda
takes gap year students to developing countries, work with school pupils and farmers to raise awareness of AIDS, improve environmental health knowledge, teach energy conservation methods and promote sustainable farming
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Give examples of what the project has done for Uganda
constructed a covered water tank to keep pollution out of natural springs, improved living standards, voluntary teachers provide lessons on life skills and sexual health
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What is fairtrade?
an international movement which ensures producers in poor countries receive a guaranteed price for their crops - provides a living wage
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What is top down/bilateral aid?
Aid donated to large organisations who use it towards projects
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What is bottom up/multilateral aid?
Aid which is given at a community level and addresses direct needs
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How are the levels of development in Bulgaria and England contrasting?
Bulgaria - decreasing population due to lack of opportunities, mountainous and climate not consistent for agriculture, used to be communist. England - population growing due to natural increase and opportunities. good climate for farming.
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What is the economic core?
a country which is highly developed, businesses thrive and there are opportunities for people
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What is the economic periphery?
a country in a remote, difficult area. less developed and fewer opportunities.
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What is the CAP?
common agricultural policy - system paid to EU farmers for guaranteed minimum production levels so enough food for EU population, ensures fair standards of living and customer price
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What is the Urban II fund?
provides economic and social regeneration on wide scale. from European regional development fund for sustainable development in troubled city areas
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What is the European Investment bank (EIB)?
comes from owner countries to contribute according to size and wealth, invest in regional development.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the north/south divide?

Back

The contrast of economically wealthier & industrial countries to poorer ones

Card 3

Front

Why was the north/south divide not a good indicator of development?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the two fold division?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why was the two fold division not widely accepted?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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