The Coastal Zone-Key Words 5.0 / 5 based on 1 ratingTeacher recommended ? GeographyCoastal zonesGCSEAQA Created by: Alice JaegerCreated on: 29-05-13 14:00 Fetch The distance of open water over which the wind can blow 1 of 36 Beach A deposit of sand or shingle at the coast, often found at the head of a bay 2 of 36 Crest The top of a wave 3 of 36 Swash The forward movement of a wave up a beach 4 of 36 Backwash The backward movement of water down a beach when a wave has broken 5 of 36 Constructive wave A powerful wave with a strong swash that surges up a beach 6 of 36 Destructive wave A wave formed by a local storm that crashes down onto a beach and has a powerful backwash 7 of 36 Rockfall The collapse of a cliff face or the fall of individual rocks from a cliff, often due to freeze-thaw weathering 8 of 36 Landslide Blocks of rock slide downhill 9 of 36 Mudflow Saturated soil and weak rock flows down a slope 10 of 36 Rotational slip Slump of saturated soil and weak rock along a curved surface 11 of 36 Hydraulic power The sheer power of the waves 12 of 36 Corrasion The effect of rocks being flung at the cliff by powerful waves 13 of 36 Solution The dissolving of rocks, such as limestone and chalk 14 of 36 Attrition The knocking together of pebbles, making them gradually smaller and smoother 15 of 36 Traction Heavy particles being rolled along the seabed 16 of 36 Solution The transport of dissolved chemicals 17 of 36 Saltation A hopping movement of pebbles along the seabed 18 of 36 Suspension Lighter particles carried (suspended) within the water 19 of 36 Longshore drift The transport of sediment along a stretch of coastline caused by waves approaching the beach at an angle 20 of 36 Headland A promontory of land jutting out into the sea 21 of 36 Bay A broad coastal inlet often with a beach 22 of 36 Wave-cut platform A wide, gently sloping rocky surface at the foot of a cliff 23 of 36 Wave-cut notch A small indention (or notch) cut into a cliff roughly at the level of high tide caused by concentrated marine erosion at this level 24 of 36 Cave A hollowed-out feature at the base of an eroding cliff 25 of 36 Arch A headland that has been partly broken through by the sea to form a thin-roofed arch 26 of 36 Stack An isolated pinnacle of rock sticking out of the sea 27 of 36 Spit A finger of new land made of sand or shingle, jutting out into the sea from the coast 28 of 36 Salt marsh Low-lying coastal wetland mostly extending between high and low tide 29 of 36 Bar A spit that has grown across a bay 30 of 36 Shoreline Management Plan (SMP) An integrated coastal management plan for a stretch of coastline in England and Wales 31 of 36 Hard engineering Building artificial structures such as sea walls aimed at controlling natural processes 32 of 36 Soft engineering A sustainable approach to managing the coast without using artificial structures 33 of 36 Managed retreat Allowing controlled flooding of low-lying costal areas where the value of the land is low 34 of 36 Pioneer plant The first plant species to colonise an area that is well adapted to living in a harsh enviroment 35 of 36 Vegetation succession A sequence of vegetation species colonising an environment 36 of 36
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