The breathing system

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  • Created by: boidul
  • Created on: 13-05-13 22:54
Nasal Cavity
Air is drawn in through the nose where it is warmed. Mucus moistens and cleans the air.
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Pharynx > Larynx > Trachea
The air is down past the Pharynx and larynx (the throat). The epiglottis is used to cover the trachea (wind pipe) when we swallow food.
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Continued Pharynx > Larynx > Trachea
The Trachea is a flexible tube held open by rings of cartilage and so the air carries on towards the two branches which go to the left and right lung.
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The Lungs - are ideal for breathing as they are stretchy and have a large surface area. The single cell wall and mucus makes them efficient at their job in breathing and respiration.
The role of the lungs is to provide a site for gaseous exchange (transfer oxygen into blood)
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The Ribs
Part of the skeletal system, they protect the lungs and other vital organs
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The Diaphragm
The dome-shaped diaphragm, a sheet of muscles under the lungs which separates the chest cavity from abdominal cavity; it contracts and relaxes to aid respiration
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Intercostal Muscles
These are between the ribs, they help you breathe in and out, the contract to enlarge the rib cage in inhalation and relax in exhalation
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Pleural membrane
sac composed of two thin membrane layers encloses each lung. Fluid between these membranes allows them to slide over each other easily during breathing
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Alveolis
These are tiny air sacs which form in bunches at the end of the bronchioles, they have thin walls for gases to pass through (capillaries which are 1 cell thick)
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Bronchi
The two primary bronchi, one to each lung, branch into progressively smaller airways
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Air Passages
As air is inhaled and passes through the nasal passages, it is filtered, heated, and humidified. The filtering process continues as air flows down through the pharynx > larynx > trachea and bronchi to the lungs. Each lung contains a tree of branching
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Air passages continued
Each lung contains a tree of branching tubes that end in tiny air sacs, or alveoli, where gases diffuse into and out of the bloodstream through the blood capillaries / tiny vessels.
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Inspiration
the intercostal muscles contract, this lifts the ribs upwards and outwards. This causes the chest to expand the diaphragm contracts, this pulls it down and flattens the floor of the ribcage The lungs can increase in size as the chest expands
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continuation of inspiration
The pressure inside our lungs falls as they expand. The higher pressure of air outside means air is now sucked into the lungs through the nose and mouth
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Expiration
the intercostal muscles relax, the ribs go downwards and inwards, the chest decreases in size the diaphragm relaxes. It once again is pushed into a dome shape, by the organs below the chest gets smaller, the lungs decrease in size, being squeezed by
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Continuation of Expiration
by ribs and diaphragm the pressure inside the lungs decreases, air is forced out o the lungs through the nose and mouth, and the pressure outside is now lower than inside the lungs
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The air is down past the Pharynx and larynx (the throat). The epiglottis is used to cover the trachea (wind pipe) when we swallow food.

Back

Pharynx > Larynx > Trachea

Card 3

Front

The Trachea is a flexible tube held open by rings of cartilage and so the air carries on towards the two branches which go to the left and right lung.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The role of the lungs is to provide a site for gaseous exchange (transfer oxygen into blood)

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Part of the skeletal system, they protect the lungs and other vital organs

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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