The Bolshevik takeover

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What happened to support for the Provisional Government after the July days?
It decreased
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What did the Kornilov affair lead to fears of?
A right-winged revolution
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What brought peasant and worker support to the Bolsheviks?
Their propaganda slogans
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By the time of the Kornilov affair, what was the Bolshevik membership?
200,000
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How many newspapers across Russia did the Bolsheviks produce by the time of the Kornilov affair?
41
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What did the Bolsheviks recruit from the factories of Petrograd?
An elite army of Red Guards
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How many Red Guards did the Bolsheviks have by the time of the Kornilov affair?
10,000
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How did the Bolsheviks acquire armaments for the Red Guards?
They had been given them by the Provisional Government at the time of the Kornilov affair
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On the 9th of August what did the Provisional Government announce?
They proposed a timetable of national elections to a constituent assembly
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What was the constituent assembly going to do?
Produce a new constitution
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When were these elections to take place?
In November
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Who would have benefitted from these elections and would have won the most seats?
The SR's
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What did Lenin think was necessary to do therefore and why?
To seize power before the elections as the Bolsheviks wouldn't have done well in these elections
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What did the Bolsheviks have by September in the Petrograd Soviet?
The majority of seats
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What did Lenin demand to happen?
All power be handed to the Petrograd Soviet
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Which organisation had the most support from the population?
The Petrograd Soviet
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What did Lenin try to convince the central comittee to do?
An armed takeover of Petrograd
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Did Lenin succeed?
Yes
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Who objected to this armed takeover?
Kamenev and Zinoviev
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Who was given the task of conducting the armed takeover?
Leon Trotsky
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How did Lenin try to hide Bolshevik involvement in such a plot?
By handing over the planning of the takeover to the Military Revolutionary Committee (MRC) of the Petrograd Soviet
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What was the key event that led the Bolsheviks to put their plan into action?
The closing down of two Bolshevik newspapers by the Provisional Government as Lenin feared that the Government was attempting to clamp down on the activity of the Bolsheviks
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When did Lenin plan to take over the capital?
On the eve of the Second Congress of the All-Russian Soviet
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How did the Bolsheviks take over on the 24th of October?
Some of the MRC units and the Red Guards occupied key areas of Petrograd and they occupied the winter palace where most of the Provisonal Government were, here they arrested the key members.
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What was the only opposition that the Bolsheviks faced?
Some officer cadets and a women's unit
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How much resistance did the Bolsheviks face?
Virtually none
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What happened to Kerensky?
He escaped Petrograd in a car given to him by the US embassy
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What did the Bolsheviks do with the Russian Parliament?
Dispersed it
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How many seats did the Bolsheviks have in the Soviet?
390
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How many seats did the Mensheviks have in the Soviet?
80
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How many seats did the SR's have in the Soviet?
180
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Who controlled the Soviet?
The Bolsheviks
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What were the reasons for the sucess of the Bolshevik takeover?
Lenin's leadership, weakness of the Provisonal Government, timing of the uprising and the role of Trotsky
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How did the Provisional Government try to regain control?
By sending in Cossack troops to Petrograd who supported Kerensky
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What happened to these cossack troops?
They were crushed by the Red Guards
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What problems did the Bolsheviks face after their takeover?
The war with Germany, peasant seizure of land, slumps in production, unemployment was rising and inflation
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How far away was the German army from Petrograd?
100 miles
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Where was Bolshevik support strong?
In Petrograd and Moscow
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Where was Bolshevik support weak?
In the countryside
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What happened to the planned elections of November and why?
They went on as planned as Lenin felt too vulnerable to cancel them
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What did the results of the November elections show?
That the Bolsheviks only had one quarter of the Russian population's support
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Were the Bolsheviks experienced in forming government?
No
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What did the government officials and workers do which hindered the Bolshevik forming of government?
Went on strike
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What did the Russian State Bank refuse to do?
Give funds to the new government
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What did Lenin do whilst the Bolsheviks still had a majority?
Passed three decrees
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What was Lenin's first decree and what did it do?
The decree on land. It confiscated private land and handed it over to the peasants
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What was Lenin's second decree?
The peace decree
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What did the peace decree do?
Took important first steps to end the war with Germany
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What did Lenin's third decree do?
Set up the organisation of the new government
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What was at the head of the new government?
The council of people's commissars also known as Sovnarkom
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Who was chairman of the Sovnarkom?
Lenin
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What did the new government begin doing on the 4th of November
Closing down newspapers that were critical of the Bolsheviks
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What did the Bolsheviks need Russia's limited military resources for
Quashing opposition
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Where was the majority of Russian armament?
Being used in the war
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What was agreed by the Bolsheviks in December 1917?
An armistace
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What began at the end of December?
Negotiations at Brest-Litovsk between Trotsky and the Germans
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What did Germany want from Russia in return for peace?
The Baltic states, Ukraine and Poland
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What proportion of the Russian land was to be lost if the Russians accepted the Germans demands?
One third
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What proportion of the Russian industry was to be lost if the Russians accepted the Germans demands?
Over half
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What proportion of the Russian population was to be lost if the Russians accepted the demands of the Germans?
One third
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On the 27th of January what did Trotsky sign?
A peace treaty with Ukraine
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What was signed on the 3rd of March?
The treaty of Brest-Litovsk which ended the war officially
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Did Russia accept the demands of Germany?
Yes
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What happened to the treaty after the war ended?
The Bolsheviks annulled it
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What party became the biggest party after the November elections?
The Social Revolutionaries
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What did the Bolsheviks demand of the constituent assembly?
That it be subservient to decrees passed by the soviet and Sovnarkom
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Did the Constituent assembly agree to this?
No
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What happened as a consequence of the assembly not being subservient?
The Bolsheviks walked out and the assembly was dispersed by the red guards
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What did the Kornilov affair lead to fears of?

Back

A right-winged revolution

Card 3

Front

What brought peasant and worker support to the Bolsheviks?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

By the time of the Kornilov affair, what was the Bolshevik membership?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How many newspapers across Russia did the Bolsheviks produce by the time of the Kornilov affair?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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