How were opposition groups responsible for the revolution?
Showed the 82% peasantry class that there was another way to govern the empire, the extremists used violence to put pressure on the Tsar
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How was Tsarism responsible for the revolution?
Tsar was criticized for losing the Russo-Japanese war, he didn't care of the minorities or the peasantry, was a reactionary while the demand for reform was growing, no local government or way to make your voice heard
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How were socio-economic problems responsible for the revolution?
peasants and workers faced the uncertainty of poverty and poor living conditions so demands for political change had a willing audience
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How was the Russo-Japanese war responsible for the revolution?
catalyst - the gov. was perceived as incompetent, war caused shortages of essentials, defeats encouraged the revolutionaries, undermined the Tsars power
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How was Bloody Sunday responsible for the revolution?
spark - proved that peaceful protest didn't work, Father Gapon was a well respected priest, Tsar wasnt there shows he didn't care, demonstrators were expelled from the city and their story spread, shows the barbaric attitude of the Tsarist regime
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What were the fundamental problems with Nicholas himself?
he lacked training and leadership, anti-semetic, wanted to maintain the principle of autocracy, influenced by Pobedonostsev, narrow-minded, indifferent, reactionary
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How was repression used by the Tsar?
There was a secret police, the Okhrana, the statue of state security meant no fair trial
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What were the social problems faced by Russians?
policy of Russification, Jewish pogroms, rapid population growth meant slums in towns, peasant turned industrial workers were living in poor conditions in the big cities
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What were the economic problems faced by Russians?
harvests failures of 1892, 91 and 1901 led to famine, it was an agricultural economy
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Why was it suprising that the Russians were defeated by the Japanese?
they had a superior military power
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Why did Russia and Japan go to war?
they were both expansionist powers seeking to monopolise China and Korea, Russia wanted an ice free port - Port Arthur
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Why was Russia defeated?
it was difficult to get troops to the front lines on an incomplete trans-siberian railway, Japanese troops had better intelligence, the war was directed from Moscow 4000 miles from the war zone
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What was Bloody Sunday?
a peaceful protest march to demonstrate a petition calling for fair wages, and 8hour working day and better conditions, they were open fired upon outside the Tsars winter palace, 100s were killed and wounded
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How did the army contribute to Nicholas' survival during 1905?
ultimately they stayed loyal, and put down unrest around the country before it gathered momentum, military reforms met some soldiers demands
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How did a lack of unity among opposition contribute to Nicholas' survival during 1905?
opposition groups were so disjointed in their aims and methods that they couldn't achieve anything worthwhile or take control of the revolution
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How did the liberal contribute to Nicholas' survival?
they were worried by the chaos and violence caused by left-wing ideas they were eager to accept the October Manifesto if it meant an end to that
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How did the use of terror contribute to Nicholas' survival during 1905?
the most influential revolutionary leaders were exiled or killed, others were forced into submission, 45,000 were exiled and 15,000 were killed
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How did the Black Hundreds contribute to Nicholas' survival during 1905?
they were a terrorist faction of a pro-Tsar group that killed revolutionaries, provided intimidation and marched the streets in favour of the Tsars
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How did the Tsars ministers contribute to his survival?
Stolypin used cold-blooded repression and quick trials to reinforce order
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How did the manifesto help to further split opposition groups?
It achieved the liberals aims, while it wholly dissatisfied the radicals, it split the liberals into the Octobrists and the Kadets
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What did the Manifesto include?
freedom of speech and conscience, freedom of association and unwanted arrest, an elected Duma that could block laws
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What did the Manifesto show?
The Tsar had a reforming attitude and a step towards democracy
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How was Tsarism responsible for the revolution?
Back
Tsar was criticized for losing the Russo-Japanese war, he didn't care of the minorities or the peasantry, was a reactionary while the demand for reform was growing, no local government or way to make your voice heard
Card 3
Front
How were socio-economic problems responsible for the revolution?
Back
Card 4
Front
How was the Russo-Japanese war responsible for the revolution?
Back
Card 5
Front
How was Bloody Sunday responsible for the revolution?
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