In 2013, there were 41.3 million migrants living in USA (13% of total population). 1970 - 10 million entered. 2010 - 40 million entered.
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Reasons for attractiveness of the USA
Positive immigration policy and possibility of obtaining a green card, employment opportunities, wage differentials and the opportunity to send remittances, services e.g. education and healthcare, family reunification
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Emigration
In 2013, 2.98 million US citizens were living abroad - Mexico, Canada, UK, Puerto Rico, Germany, Australia and Israel - returning to origin. Highly-skilled workers to ACs like Canada, UK and other EU countries
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The Immigration and Naturalisation Act
The body of law that governs current immigration policy - allows an annual worldwide limit of 675,000 permanent immigrants
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Reunification of families
480,000 visas available for family members to join residents - second wave migrants.
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Highly skilled workers
140,000 visas available
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Refugees
decided each year - 70,000 in 2013
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Promoting diversity
50,000 immigrant visas
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Humanitarian relief
temporary visas available each year for relief from natural disasters or ongoing armed conflict
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Mexico
In 2013, over 11.5 million Mexicans lived in the USA and 1 million in Mexico. Low-skilled - agriculture, construction and low-paid services. Wages much higher than in Mexico - remittances ($22 billion in 2013 (2% of GDP)).
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Political power relations between Mexico and USA
Coordination over issues such as border security, the drug trade, human trafficking and environmental issues such as water scarcity. Joint management of the Colorado River Basin and the ecology of the Sonoran desert.
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Opportunities
Migrants take low-paid jobs, US immigration policy aims to attract highly skilled professionals, young migrants benefit USA and aging population, migrants helps job creation and business start-ups and generate wealth.
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Challenges
An estimated 11.5 million unauthorised immigrants (6 million Mexicans) live in the US, uneven integration of migrant groups into society, strain on resources e.g. adding to demand for water supply in California.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Reasons for attractiveness of the USA
Back
Positive immigration policy and possibility of obtaining a green card, employment opportunities, wage differentials and the opportunity to send remittances, services e.g. education and healthcare, family reunification
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