Happens in semipermeable walls. water and small molecules pass through, some reabsorbed later, blood cells, plasma proteins and other molecules are too large so remain in the capillaries
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Tubular reabsorption is where
as glomerular filtrate passes through, useful substances eg water sodium ions glucose and amino acids initially lost during filtration are returned to the blood by active and passive transport
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What does ADH do?
From the pituitary gland, increases permeability of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting tubules, increasing water reabsorption
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What does aldosterone do?
secreted by the adrenal cortex and increases absorption of sodium, water and secretion of potassium
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what does ANP do?
ANP inhibits reabsorbtion of potassium and water in the proximal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. increases NA+ in urine and urine output
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what does PTH?
PTH regulates reabsorption of calcium from distal collecting tubules. PTH increases calcium levels, calcitonin decreases calcium levels
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Urine transportation?
collecting ducts, urine drains through papillary ducts, into minor calyces, calyces join to form major calyces forming renal pelvis, from renal pelvis urine drains to ureters into the bladder. urine is then removed via urethra
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How do the ureters prevent back flow?
as urine accumulates the pressure in the bladder rises. ureters are then compressed and block openings to the bladder
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