Act passed through parliament declaring the accused guilty with no need for a trial.
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Act of Supremacy
Act passed through parliament recognising Henry VIII as head of the Church in England.
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Amicable Grant
Tax imposed by Lord Chancellor Wolsey - essentially a forced loan.
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Bonds
Written contracts or agreements of good behaviour.
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Recognisances
Public acknowledgements of actual debts and other obligations owed to the Crown.
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Council Learned in the Law
Responsible for marriage, wardship and relief of all the king's tenants and the collection of feudal dues.
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Court of General Surveyors
Government department responsible for auditing the revenues from Crown lands.
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Debasement of the Coinage
Means whereby the government tried to save money by reducing the content of gold and silver in coins and replacing them with cheaper materials such as copper, which lowered the value of the currency.
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Eltham Ordinances
Wolsey's attempt to reform the King's household.
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Enclosure
Enclosing land with hedges or fences to make it easier to raise livestock.
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Feudal Dues
Traditional customs, such as marriage payments or inheritance tax, associated with the feudal system.
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Feudal System
Medieval system of landholding and obligations of service.
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Field of the Cloth of Gold
Venue in northern France for a grand meeting between Henry VIII of England and Francis I of France.
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Hasburgs
Family name of the ruling dynasty that reigned in sixteenth-century Spain, Austria, the Netherlands and the Holy Roman Empire.
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Heretical
Religious nonconformists who reject the teachings of the Catholic Church.
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Intercursus Magnus
Commercial treaty signed by Henry VII of England and Philip IV, Duke of Burgundy.
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Intercursus Malus
The treaty intended to replace the Intercursus Magnus - extremely favourable to English interests. Never implemented.
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Justice of the Peace
Royal officer responsible for government, administration and justice at a county level.
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Legatine Court
Court set up in specific countries carrying the full authority of the Pope to determine legal cases.
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Livery and Maintenance
Uniforms and badges worn by retainers who serve their lords.
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Lord Chancellor
Highest legal and administrative office in the English government, often equated with being the monarch's chief minister.
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Lutheran
Followers and faith of Martin Luther.
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Marcher Lordships
Semi-independent lordships in Wales and the border region, ruled by noblemen possessing special authority from the Crown.
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Papal Legate
Representative of the Pope, given full papal powers in a specific country.
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Pastoral Duties
Work of the parish priest, such as baptism, marriage and burial.
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Penance
Sacrament of penance involved the repentance of sins by means of confession.
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Pilgrimage of Grace
Rebellion in Northern England.
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Praemunire
Law prohibiting the assertion or maintenance of papal jurisdiction in England and preventing English clerics from appealing to Rome.
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Privy Councillors
Senior government ministers who met with and advised the monarch in a private ruling council. They managed the government of the kingdom on behalf of the monarch.
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Retaining
Medieval system whereby great lords recruited those of a lower social status as their followers or servants.
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Star Chamber
The Court of the Star Chamber dealt with serious crimes, both civil and criminal. It was especially effective in dealing with the nobility and gentry.
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Subsidy Act
Cromwell's attempt to raise money by assessing the value of a person's goods. It was opposed because it was levied in peacetime.
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Transubstantiation
Catholic belief that the bread and wine offered become, in reality, the body and blood of Jesus Christ.
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Wardship
Medieval system whereby a child is made a ward of the Crown, which then takes care of the child until he or she reaches the legal age to inherit lands.
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Yeomen
Social class of richer peasants, who may have been as wealthy as some of the gentry, but were below them in social class.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Act of Supremacy
Back
Act passed through parliament recognising Henry VIII as head of the Church in England.
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