What is the skeletal system and what does it consist of?
The skeletal system is the internal frame of the body and includes bones, cartilages, and joints.
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What is the skeleton essential for?
The skeleton is essential for protecting organs, producing blood cells, storing essential minerals, and anchoring skeletal muscles so that their contractions cause body movements.
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What are the two parts of the skeleton?
Axial skeleton - the bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body.
Appendicular skeleton - the bones of the limbs and the girdles that attach them to the axial skeleton.
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What are the functions of the bones?
Support
Protection
Allow movement (act as levers)
Storage (for minerals)
Blood cell formation
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What are the two types of bone tissue?
Compact bone - dense; looks smooth and homogeneous
Spongy bone - has a spiky, open appearance like a sponge
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What are the four classifications of bones on the basis of shape?
Long
Short
Flat
Irregular
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Give a brief explanation and examples of long bones
They have a shaft with enlarged ends.
Mostly compact bone but also contain spongy bone at the ends.
Most bones of the limbs are long bones.
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Give a brief explanation and examples of flat bones
Flat bones are thin, flattened, and usually curved.
They have two thin layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone.
Most bones of the skull, the ribs, and the sternum are flat bones.
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Give a brief explanation and examples of short bones
Short bones are generally cube-shaped and contain mostly spongy bone with an outer layer of compact bone.
The bones of the wrist and ankle are short bones.
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Give a brief explanation and examples of irregular bones
Bones that do not fit one of the other categories are called irregular bones .
The vertebrae fall into this group; like short bones, they are mainly spongy bone with an outer layer of compact bone.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the skeleton essential for?
Back
The skeleton is essential for protecting organs, producing blood cells, storing essential minerals, and anchoring skeletal muscles so that their contractions cause body movements.
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