The Nile Delta, a low energy coastal environment, Case study

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For how many years has deposition exceeded erosion rates in the Nile Delta?
3000 years
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How long is the Nile?
6650km
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How large is the catchment area?
3 million km2
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What is the annual rainfall in the catchment area?
600mm
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Where does the Nile originate
Ethiopia, Central Africa and Rwanda
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What is the Nile's suspension load?
30% clay, 40% silt, 30% fine sand
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What is the average sediment yield?
91.3 million tonnes
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What are the three different coastal plains?
Foreshore plain, frontal plain and sandy zone
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What are the landforms on the foreshore plain?
Ridges, lagoons, salt marshes and alluvial deposits
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What are the landforms on the frontal plain?
Limestone outcrops and clay deposits
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What are the landforms on the sandy zone?
Dunes and hummocks
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Where does the delta begin to split?
Cairo
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When was the Aswan High Dam built?
1964
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After the annual flood, what are the deposit depths at Aswan and Cairo?
4m and 9.6m
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What does the Mediterranean wave action do?
Redistributes sediment
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What landforms does this create?
Curved barrier bars and lagoons
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What is the wind direction?
Northwest
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What direction is the sediment moving?
East
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What % of waves come from the Northwest/North
55-60%
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What % of waves come from the Northeast
8%
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What are the resultant nearshore features?
Underwater sand bars
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Where do the parallel longshore bars exist?
Between Abu Qir and Port Said
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The crescent bars west of Abu Qir headland are associated with what?
Rip currents and weak longshore drift
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What two factors has the Aswan High Dam influenced the most?
Erosion and accretion
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How much has accretion changed?
120 million tonnes to trace amounts today
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How high has erosion rates accelerated to?
148m per year
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How much is the sea level rising?
1.2mm per year
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What effect does rising sea levels have?
deeper water produces larger waves with higher amounts of energy which reach further inland
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How long is the Nile?

Back

6650km

Card 3

Front

How large is the catchment area?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the annual rainfall in the catchment area?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Where does the Nile originate

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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