The Nervous System

Contains information on how the eye works, faults in vision and nerve cells. 

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Which parts of the eye refract light?
The cornea and the lens.
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Which part of the eye contains light receptors?
The retina.
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How does binocular vision help to judge distance?
It compares images from each eye. The nearer an object is, the more different the images from each eye will be.
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What is accommodation?
The eye's ability to focus light on distant or near objects by altering the shape of the lens
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How does the eye focus light on distant objects?
The ciliary muscles relax and the suspensory ligaments tighten, so the lens becomes long and thin.
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How does the eye focus light on near objects?
The ciliary muscles contract and the suspensory muscles slacken, so the lens becomes shorter and fatter.
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What causes Red-green Colour-blindness?
A lack of specialised cells in the retina.
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What causes long sightedness?
The lens is either too short or too thin so the image is focused behind the retina.
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What causes short sightedness?
The lens is either too long or too rounded so it refracts too much light and the image is focused in front of the retina.
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Which sort of lens corrects short sightedness?
A concave lens.
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Which sort of lens corrects long sightedness?
A convex lens.
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What are nerve cells called?
Neurones.
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What do nerve impulses pass along?
The axon.
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What are the links in a reflex arc?
Stimulus - Receptor - Sensory Neurone - Central nervous system - Motor neurone - Effector - Response
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What is the pathway for a spinal reflex?
receptor - sensory neurone - relay neurone -motor neurone - effector
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How are neurones adapted for their specific job?
They are lone and have branched endings to pick up impulses. They also have insulator sheath.
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What is the name of the gaps between neurones?
Synapses.
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How are impulses transmitted between neurones?
The arrival of an impulse triggers the release of a neurotransmitter substance which diffuses across the synapse and binds with the receptor molecules of the next neurone, causing the impulse to continue.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Which part of the eye contains light receptors?

Back

The retina.

Card 3

Front

How does binocular vision help to judge distance?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is accommodation?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How does the eye focus light on distant objects?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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