The Multi-Store Model of Memory

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Who developed the Multi-Store model of memory?
Attkinson and Shiffrin.
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In what year did Attkinson and Shiffrin develop the Multi-Store model of memory?
1968
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What is the sensory memory?
Where the senses store their information before any cognitive processes occur.
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Where does information in the sensory memory come from?
Our 5 senses to each of their receptors.
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How is information represented in the sensory memory?
It is modality specific. (Stored in the same way as it arrives).
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How long does information that arrives to the sensory memory last for?
2 seconds.
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How much information in the sensory memory is actually attended to?
A small amount.
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What happens to information in the sensory memory that is not attended to?
It decays.
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How long can information in the Short-Term memory last for?
15-30 seconds.
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How is information stored in STM?
It isn't modality specific, it is largely acoustic and verbal.
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What eventually happens to information in the STM?
It decays, or is displaced by other information.
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How might information be transfrered to LTM?
Rehearsal.
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How much information can the STM?
five to nine items of information.
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How long can information in the LTM (potentially) stay for?
Forever.
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What amount of information can be stored in the LTM?
A potentially infinite amount.
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What does encoding of information in the LTM rely on?
The rehearsal process or some form of association.
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Name two studies which support the MSM?
Atkinson and Shiffrin (1965) and Glanzer and Cunitz (1966)
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Describe Glanzer and Cunitz (1966) and how it supports MSM.
Primary-recency effect. People recall more words from the beginning of a list (primary) and the end (recency) and fewer from the middle. It suggests words reamained in STM and LTM which supports as their are two seperate stores.
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Describe Attkinson and Shiffrin (1965) and how it supports MSM.
Student could recall capital of Washigton after recalling capital of Oregon, they were recalled as an associated pair. It supports as it suggests encoding is semantic in LTM.
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Name two studies which oppose MSM.
Shalice and Warrington (1970) - KF and The case of Clive Wearing.
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Describe Shalice and Warrington (1970) - KF and how it opposes MSM.
KF was foung to have impaired STM after a motorbike accident, but this was mostly for verbal information whilst visual remained in tact. It shows that STM has separate systems, as opposed to one unitary store.
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Describe The case of Clive Wearing and how it opposes MSM.
After illness, Clive Wearing could not recall events in his life, but could remember how to play the piano. It suggests the LTM is not one unitary store.
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Card 2

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In what year did Attkinson and Shiffrin develop the Multi-Store model of memory?

Back

1968

Card 3

Front

What is the sensory memory?

Back

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Card 4

Front

Where does information in the sensory memory come from?

Back

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Card 5

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How is information represented in the sensory memory?

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