Lesson 2 - The Multi-Store Model of Memory

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  • Created by: Bethany
  • Created on: 05-10-20 10:09
Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968,1971)
- Designed the MSM to explain how information moves through the memory system
- Involves 3 stores: STM, LTM and SR
- Stores function individually and have separate neurological locations
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Sensory Register (SR)
- Vast capacity and duration of <0.5s
- For info to pass to STM we need to pay attention to it
- Has a number of substores, e.g. echoic and iconic
- Encoding depends on stimulus being processed
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Maintenance Rehearsal
The acoustic repetition of information in the STM to retain it for longer than the 18s duration
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Decay
When information is no longer being engaged in it is lost from the store
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Elaborative Rehearsal
Prolonged/extensive acoustic repetition of info in the STM transfers it to the LTM
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Retrieval
The process of recalling LTMs where they are temporarily placed in the STM for as long as we're focusing on them
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AO3 Strength - HM
- Severe epilepsy and had hippocampus removed at 27
- Lost use of LTM and never made new ones - permanently impaired store
- STM = fully functional - stores are separate & unitary in function
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AO3 Strength - Serial Position Effect (Glanzer & Cunitz (1966))
- Word in list at start increases probability of being remembered = primacy effect (LTM)
- Recency effect (STM) = last 7 words remembered more
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AO3 Weakness - KF
- Amnesiac due to motorcycle accident
- STM impaired processing auditory info but not visual
- Shallice & Warrington (1970) = partial impairment suggests STM is split into substores
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AO3 Weakness - Craik & Watkins (1973)
- Suggest A & S's claims about elaborative maintenance = too simplistic
- Can transfer info w/out repetition to LTM if it's meaningful - store it alongside existing LTM
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

- Vast capacity and duration of <0.5s
- For info to pass to STM we need to pay attention to it
- Has a number of substores, e.g. echoic and iconic
- Encoding depends on stimulus being processed

Back

Sensory Register (SR)

Card 3

Front

The acoustic repetition of information in the STM to retain it for longer than the 18s duration

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

When information is no longer being engaged in it is lost from the store

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Prolonged/extensive acoustic repetition of info in the STM transfers it to the LTM

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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