the multi store model of memory

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  • Created by: hope2003
  • Created on: 02-03-20 13:48
define multi store model
a representation of how memory works in terms of 3 stores: sensory register, short term memory and long term memory. it describes how information is transferred, remembered and forgotten.
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atkinson and shriffin theory (1968,1971)
stimulus from the environment - sensory register (iconic or echoic) - STM - LTM
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what causes something to go from your STM to LTM
prolonged rehearsal
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what causes something to go from your LTM to STM
retrieval
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what is maintenance rehearsal
when we repeat material over and over again keeping it in our STM until we do it for long enough, then it passes to our LTM
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sensory register definition
the memory stores for each of our 5 senses e.g. iconic and echoic.
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how is information coded in the sensory register
acoustically
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what is the duration of memory in sensory register
less than half a second
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what is the capacity in the sensory register
high capacity (millions of receptors)
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STM definition
a limited capacity store that can only contain a certain number of memories
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how is information coded in the STM
acoustically
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what is the duration of memory in STM
30 seconds unless its rehearsed
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what form of rehearsal takes place in the STM
Maintenance rehearsal
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LTM definition
potentially permanent memory store as its rehearsed for a prolonged time
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how is information coded in LTM
semantically
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what is the capacity in the STM
capacity of STM is 5 to 9 items
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what is the capacity in the LTM
unlimited e.g. Bahrick et al 1975: remembered names and faces of classmates after 50 years
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what is the duration of LTM
unlimited/ a very long time
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what is retrieval
when we want to recall information, material from LTM transfers to STM
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Evaluation points of multi store memory model
supporting research evidence, more than one type of STM, more than one type of rehearsal, artificial material, more than one type of LTM
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multi store memory model - support research evidence
baddley found that we mix up words that sound similar when using STM and we mix up words with similar meanings using LTM.
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multi store memory model - there is more than one type of STM
evidence from people with amnesia shows that MSM is not one unitary store. Shallice and Warrington (1970) - STM was bad when they read outloud but good when they read to them self showing that there is a non-verbal store. at least 2 types of STM
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multi store memory model - more than one type of rehearsal
Craik and Watkins (1973) - 2 types of rehearsal: maitenance and elaborative( link to existing knowlege and what it means). This is not explained by the model.
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multi store memory model - Artificial material
lacks validity as no mundane realism. no meaning is applied so not similar to everyday life
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multi store memory model - more than one type of LTM
doesn't take into consideration episodic, semantic and procedural memory
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Card 2

Front

stimulus from the environment - sensory register (iconic or echoic) - STM - LTM

Back

atkinson and shriffin theory (1968,1971)

Card 3

Front

prolonged rehearsal

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

retrieval

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

when we repeat material over and over again keeping it in our STM until we do it for long enough, then it passes to our LTM

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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